Wu Zhi-Qiang, Zou Qi, Chang Tao, Zhang Dong, Huang Liang-Liang
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi Province, China.
Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China.
PLoS One. 2018 Feb 13;13(2):e0192426. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192426. eCollection 2018.
More than 50% of Chinese mangroves were lost between 1950 and 2000 to habitat destruction, prompting an urge for conservation. To assess the importance of the protected Maowei Gulf mangrove estuary for fish population assemblage in the Beibu Gulf (China), we studied species composition and abundance of juvenile fish (including larvae) from July 2012 to June 2013. A total of 11 691 specimens were collected, which belonged to 24 species and 15 families. Six perciform species constituted 93% of the total sample. Pseudogobius javanicus (53.29%) was the dominant species from August to November, Omobranchus elegans (28.49%) from April to July, non-identified species in December and January, and Liza carinata in February and March. A number of commercially important fish species were also identified. Abundance was the highest in summer/early autumn (max 162.4 in Sep), and lowest in winter/early spring (Mar = 4.5). Diversity (H') and richness (Dma) indices (both max. in May: 1.67 and 1.95 respectively) were generally positively correlated with tide and temperature, and negatively with salinity. Seasonal variations play a more important role in the fish assemblage structure than tidal rhythm, with differences particularly pronounced between colder and warmer months. Despite the prominent seasonal differences in abiotic factors, this study indicates that Maowei mangroves provide habitat and food for juvenile fish throughout the year and thus are indispensable for the fish diversity in the Beibu Gulf.
1950年至2000年间，超过50%的中国红树林因栖息地遭到破坏而消失，这促使人们产生了保护红树林的强烈愿望。为了评估受保护的茅尾海红树林河口对北部湾（中国）鱼类种群聚集的重要性，我们于2012年7月至2013年6月研究了幼鱼（包括仔鱼）的种类组成和丰度。共采集到11691个标本，分属于15科24种。六种鲈形目鱼类占总样本的93%。爪哇拟虾虎鱼（53.29%）在8月至11月为优势种，秀丽无臂鳎（28.49%）在4月至7月为优势种，12月和1月为未鉴定种类，2月和3月为棱鲻。还鉴定出了一些具有重要商业价值的鱼类。丰度在夏季/初秋最高（9月最高为162.4），在冬季/早春最低（3月为4.5）。多样性（H'）和丰富度（Dma）指数（均在5月最高：分别为1.67和1.95）总体上与潮汐和温度呈正相关，与盐度呈负相关。季节变化对鱼类聚集结构的影响比潮汐节律更为重要，在较冷和较暖月份之间差异尤为明显。尽管非生物因素存在显著的季节差异，但本研究表明，茅尾海红树林全年为幼鱼提供栖息地和食物，因此对北部湾鱼类多样性而言不可或缺。
