Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2018 Aug;74(8):1892-1902. doi: 10.1002/ps.4891. Epub 2018 Mar 30.
Soil biosolarization is a promising alternative to conventional fumigation. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced in the soil through fermentation of amended organic matter can affect pest inactivation during biosolarization. The objective was to determine how soil amended with organic wastes that were partially stabilized through either composting or anaerobic digestion affected the inactivation of Brassica nigra (BN; a weed) and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae (FOL; a phytopathogenic fungus).
The mortality of BN seeds in the biosolarized soil was 12% higher than in the solarized soil, although this difference was not significant. However, a significant correlation between BN mortality and VFA accumulation was observed. The number of FOL colony-forming units (CFU) in solarized samples at 5 cm was 34 CFU g of soil, whereas in the biosolarized samples levels were below the limit of quantification. At 15 cm, these levels were 100 CFU g for solarized samples and < 50 CFU g of soil for the biosolarized samples. Amendment addition positively affected the organic matter and potassium content after the solarization process.
The organic waste stabilization method can impact downstream biosolarization performance and final pest inactivation levels. This study suggests that organic waste management practices can be leveraged to improve pest control and soil quality. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
土壤生物强化是一种有前途的传统熏蒸替代方法。通过添加有机物质的发酵在土壤中产生的挥发性脂肪酸（VFAs）会影响生物强化过程中害虫的失活。本研究的目的是确定部分通过堆肥或厌氧消化稳定的有机废物添加到土壤中如何影响油菜（BN；一种杂草）和莴苣枯萎病菌（FOL；一种植物病原菌）的失活。
生物强化土壤中 BN 种子的死亡率比太阳能土壤高 12%，尽管这种差异并不显著。然而，BN 死亡率与 VFA 积累之间存在显著相关性。太阳能土壤中 5cm 处的 FOL 菌落形成单位（CFU）数量为 34 CFU·g 的土壤，而在生物强化土壤中则低于定量下限。在 15cm 处，太阳能土壤中的这些水平为 100 CFU·g，而生物强化土壤中的水平则为 <50 CFU·g 的土壤。太阳能处理后，添加肥料会积极影响有机物和钾的含量。
有机废物稳定方法会影响下游生物强化性能和最终害虫失活水平。本研究表明，可以利用有机废物管理实践来改善害虫防治和土壤质量。 © 2018 化学工业协会。
