Brooks Samantha K, Dunn Rebecca, Amlôt Richard, Greenberg Neil, Rubin G James
a Department of Psychological Medicine , King's College London , London , UK , and.
b Emergency Response Department Science and Technology, Health Protection Directorate, Public Health England , Salisbury , UK.
J Ment Health. 2018 Feb 15:1-25. doi: 10.1080/09638237.2018.1437610.
When organisations are exposed to traumatic situations, such as disasters, often staff are not prepared for the potential psychological impact which can negatively affect their wellbeing.
To conduct a systematic review of the literature on psychological interventions aimed at improving staff wellbeing during or after disasters.
Four electronic literature databases were searched. Reference lists of relevant articles were hand-searched.
Fifteen articles were included. Five studies suggested that pre-disaster skills training and disaster education can improve employee confidence. Ten studies on post-disaster interventions revealed mixed findings on the effectiveness of psychological debriefing and limited evidence for cognitive behavioural therapy, psychoeducation and meditation.
Pre-disaster training and education can improve employees' confidence in their ability to cope with disasters. The routine use of post-disaster psychological debriefings is not supported; further research is needed to determine if debriefing interventions could be useful in some circumstances. Further research is needed to provide more evidence on the potential positive effects of cognitive behavioural therapy, psychoeducation and meditation. More experimental studies on psychological disaster interventions are needed.
当组织面临诸如灾难等创伤性情况时，员工往往对潜在的心理影响没有做好准备，而这种影响可能会对他们的幸福感产生负面影响。
对旨在改善灾难期间或之后员工幸福感的心理干预文献进行系统综述。
检索了四个电子文献数据库。对相关文章的参考文献列表进行了手工检索。
纳入了15篇文章。五项研究表明，灾难前技能培训和灾难教育可以提高员工的信心。关于灾后干预的十项研究显示，心理汇报的有效性结果不一，认知行为疗法、心理教育和冥想的证据有限。
灾难前培训和教育可以提高员工应对灾难的信心。不支持常规使用灾后心理汇报；需要进一步研究以确定汇报干预在某些情况下是否有用。需要进一步研究以提供更多关于认知行为疗法、心理教育和冥想潜在积极效果的证据。需要更多关于心理灾难干预的实验研究。
