Correlations between pediatric obstructive sleep apnea and longitudinal growth.

OBJECTIVES

Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea has a relatively high prevalence and has various negative health and behavioral consequences. Among the various complications of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea, growth disturbance is still controversial.

METHOD

745 pediatric subjects with obstructive sleep apnea diagnosed by in-lab polysomnography were enrolled, after excluding ineligible subjects with abnormal growth related factors. Height, weight, and BMI of enrolled patients were measured and statistically converted to z-scores, and the converted data were analyzed statistically with the polysomnographic results. Multiple linear regression were used to analyze the relationships between age, gender, z-score for weight, polysomnography results, and z-score for height.

RESULTS

Patients with higher respiratory related index or lower mean/lowest oxygen saturation of PSG showed smaller z-score for height. Mean apnea hypopnea index and standard deviation of enrolled patients was 7.46 ± 12.92, with moderate severity. And mean z-score for height and standard deviation was 0.21 ± 1.15. Apnea hypopnea index, respiratory disturbance index, obstructive apnea index, and hypopnea index, respiratory related results of polysomnography, were statistically negative correlated with a z-score for height. And mean oxygen saturation and lowest oxygen saturation, oxygen saturation results of polysomnography, were statistically positive correlated with a z-score for height.

CONCLUSIONS

Respiratory related results and oxygen saturation results of polysomnography show negative and positive correlation with z-score for height. Therefore, pediatric obstructive sleep apnea have a negative effect on longitudinal growth.