运动方式对运动后恢复期心脏副交感和交感神经指标的影响。
Influence of exercise modality on cardiac parasympathetic and sympathetic indices during post-exercise recovery.
机构信息
Discipline of Exercise & Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Australia.
Discipline of Exercise & Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Australia.
出版信息
J Sci Med Sport. 2018 Oct;21(10):1079-1084. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.01.015. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
OBJECTIVES
This study investigated indirect measures of post-exercise parasympathetic reactivation (using heart-rate-variability, HRV) and sympathetic withdrawal (using systolic-time-intervals, STI) following upper- and lower-body exercise.
DESIGN
Randomized, counter-balanced, crossover.
METHODS
13 males (age 26.4±4.7years) performed maximal arm-cranking (MAX-ARM) and leg-cycling (MAX-LEG). Subsequently, participants undertook separate 8-min bouts of submaximal HR-matched exercise of each mode (ARM and LEG). HRV (including natural-logarithm of root-mean-square-of-successive-differences, Ln-RMSSD) and STI (including pre-ejection-period, PEP) were assessed throughout 10-min seated recovery.
RESULTS
Peak-HR was higher (p=0.001) during MAX-LEG (182±7beatsmin) compared with MAX-ARM (171±12beatsmin), while HR (p<0.001) and Ln-RMSSD (p=0.010) recovered more rapidly following MAX-ARM. PEP recovery was similar between maximal bouts (p=0.106). HR during submaximal exercise was 146±7 (LEG) and 144±8beatsmin (LEG) (p=0.139). Recovery of HR and Ln-RMSSD was also similar between submaximal modalities, remaining below baseline throughout recovery (p<0.001). PEP was similar during submaximal exercise (LEG 70±6ms; ARM 72±9ms; p=0.471) although recovery was slower following ARM (p=0.021), with differences apparent from 1- to 10-min recovery (p≤0.036). By 10-min post-exercise, PEP recovered to baseline (132±21ms) following LEG (130±21ms; p=0.143), but not ARM (121±17ms; p=0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Compared with submaximal lower-body exercise, HR-matched upper-body exercise elicited a similar recovery of HR and HRV indices of parasympathetic reactivation, but delayed recovery of PEP (reflecting sympathetic withdrawal). Exercise modality appears to influence post-exercise parasympathetic reactivation and sympathetic withdrawal in an intensity-dependent manner. These results highlight the need for test standardization and may be relevant to multi-discipline athletes and in clinical applications with varying modes of exercise testing.
目的
本研究旨在探讨上半身和下半身运动后副交感神经再激活（使用心率变异性，HRV）和交感神经抑制（使用收缩时间间隔，STI）的间接测量。
设计
随机、对照、交叉。
方法
13 名男性（年龄 26.4±4.7 岁）进行最大手臂旋转（MAX-ARM）和腿部踩踏（MAX-LEG）。随后，参与者分别进行 8 分钟的 HR 匹配的亚最大运动，每种模式（ARM 和 LEG）各进行一次。在 10 分钟的坐姿恢复期内，评估 HRV（包括自然对数的均方根差的连续差异，Ln-RMSSD）和 STI（包括射血前期，PEP）。
结果
MAX-LEG 时的峰值 HR 更高（p=0.001）（182±7 次/min），而 MAX-ARM 时的 HR 更高（p<0.001）（171±12 次/min），而 HR（p<0.001）和 Ln-RMSSD（p=0.010）在 MAX-ARM 后恢复得更快。最大运动之间的 PEP 恢复相似（p=0.106）。亚最大运动时的 HR 为 146±7（LEG）和 144±8 次/min（LEG）（p=0.139）。两种亚最大运动模式的 HR 和 Ln-RMSSD 恢复也相似，在整个恢复期内仍低于基线（p<0.001）。亚最大运动时的 PEP 相似（LEG 70±6ms；ARM 72±9ms；p=0.471），尽管 ARM 后恢复较慢（p=0.021），从 1 分钟到 10 分钟的恢复（p≤0.036）差异明显。运动后 10 分钟，LEG（130±21ms；p=0.143）后 PEP 恢复到基线（132±21ms），但 ARM（121±17ms；p=0.001）后 PEP 未恢复到基线。
结论
与亚最大强度的下半身运动相比，HR 匹配的上半身运动引起了 HR 和副交感神经再激活的 HRV 指数的相似恢复，但 PEP 的恢复延迟（反映了交感神经抑制）。运动方式似乎以强度依赖的方式影响运动后的副交感神经再激活和交感神经抑制。这些结果强调了测试标准化的必要性，可能与多学科运动员和具有不同运动测试模式的临床应用有关。
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