Yammine K, Erić M
The Center for Evidence-Based Anatomy, Sport and Orthopedic Research, Jdeideh highway, Fouad Yammine boulevard, 1st floor, Beirut, Lebanon; The Foot & Hand Clinic, Baushrieh, Jdeideh, Beirut, Lebanon.
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova, 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Hand Surg Rehabil. 2018 Apr;37(2):77-85. doi: 10.1016/j.hansur.2017.11.007. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
Agenesis, functional deficiency and the common type of the flexor digitorum superficialis of the little finger are reported in the literature to be highly variable with significant discrepancy between clinical and cadaveric frequencies. The aim of this systematic review was to generate overall clinical and cadaveric weighted frequencies, along with ancestry-based, side-based, sex-based and laterality-based frequencies. A systematic literature search identified 34 studies including 12,213 forearms/hands that met the inclusion criteria. Functional deficit of the FDS tendon of the little finger was significantly more prevalent among Iranian and Caucasian populations as compared to Indian, East African and Chinese populations. The weighted "clinical" frequency of functional absence of the FDS tendon of the little finger was 7.45%, while prevalence of the common type was 37.5%. The weighted "cadaveric" prevalence of muscle absence of the FDS-5 in the forearm was 2.5% while tendon absence in the hands was nil. An expanded examination technique proved to be the most accurate test for FDS function. In case of injury, inadequate knowledge of different connections or substitutions of the FDS-5 could lead to a total loss of flexion of the little finger. These findings support the hypothesis of a dual origin of the FDS-5 where the muscle portion originates in the forearm, while the tendon portion originates in the hand.
文献报道，小指指浅屈肌的发育不全、功能缺陷及常见类型具有高度变异性，临床发生率与尸体解剖发生率之间存在显著差异。本系统评价的目的是得出总体临床和尸体解剖加权发生率，以及基于血统、侧别、性别和左右侧的发生率。一项系统文献检索确定了34项研究，包括12213例符合纳入标准的前臂/手部。与印度、东非和中国人群相比，小指指浅屈肌腱功能缺陷在伊朗和白种人群中更为普遍。小指指浅屈肌腱功能缺失的加权“临床”发生率为7.45%，而常见类型的发生率为37.5%。前臂中第5指指浅屈肌缺如的加权“尸体解剖”发生率为2.5%，而手部肌腱缺如的发生率为零。扩展检查技术被证明是检测指浅屈肌功能最准确的方法。在损伤情况下，对第5指指浅屈肌不同连接或替代情况了解不足可能导致小指屈曲功能完全丧失。这些发现支持了第5指指浅屈肌双重起源的假说，即肌肉部分起源于前臂，而肌腱部分起源于手部。
