Swedish Medical Nanoscience Center, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden.
Department of Chemistry, IFM, Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden.
Sci Rep. 2018 Feb 15;8(1):3108. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-21466-y.
Efficient use of plant-derived materials requires enabling technologies for non-disruptive composition analysis. The ability to identify and spatially locate polysaccharides in native plant tissues is difficult but essential. Here, we develop an optical method for cellulose identification using the structure-responsive, heptameric oligothiophene h-FTAA as molecular fluorophore. Spectrophotometric analysis of h-FTAA interacting with closely related glucans revealed an exceptional specificity for β-linked glucans. This optical, non-disruptive method for stereochemical differentiation of glycosidic linkages was next used for in situ composition analysis in plants. Multi-laser/multi-detector analysis developed herein revealed spatial localization of cellulose and structural cell wall features such as plasmodesmata and perforated sieve plates of the phloem. Simultaneous imaging of intrinsically fluorescent components revealed the spatial relationship between cell walls and other organelles, such as chloroplasts and lignified annular thickenings of the trachea, with precision at the sub-cellular scale. Our non-destructive method for cellulose identification lays the foundation for the emergence of anatomical maps of the chemical constituents in plant tissues. This rapid and versatile method will likely benefit the plant science research fields and may serve the biorefinery industry as reporter for feedstock optimization as well as in-line monitoring of cellulose reactions during standard operations.
高效利用植物材料需要能够对非破坏性成分进行分析的技术。识别和定位天然植物组织中多糖的能力非常重要，但也极具挑战性。在这里，我们开发了一种使用结构响应性七聚噻吩寡聚物 h-FTAA 作为分子荧光团识别纤维素的光学方法。h-FTAA 与密切相关的葡聚糖相互作用的分光光度分析显示出对β-连接葡聚糖的特殊特异性。这种用于糖苷键立体化学区分的光学、非破坏性方法随后用于植物的原位成分分析。本文开发的多激光/多探测器分析方法揭示了纤维素的空间定位以及细胞壁结构特征，如胞间连丝和韧皮部的穿孔筛板。固有荧光成分的同时成像揭示了细胞壁与其他细胞器（如叶绿体和木质化的导管环形加厚）之间的空间关系，其在亚细胞尺度上具有精确性。我们用于纤维素识别的非破坏性方法为植物组织中化学成分的解剖图谱的出现奠定了基础。这种快速而通用的方法可能有益于植物科学研究领域，并可能为生物炼制行业提供服务，作为优化原料的报告，以及在标准操作过程中在线监测纤维素反应。
