Skals Sebastian, Vinstrup Jonas, Sundstrup Emil, Jakobsen Markus D, Andersen Christoffer H, Andersen Lars L
a Musculoskeletal Disorders , National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen , Denmark.
b Sport Sciences, Department of Health Science and Technology , Aalborg University , Aalborg , Denmark.
Phys Sportsmed. 2018 May;46(2):233-241. doi: 10.1080/00913847.2018.1441580. Epub 2018 Feb 23.
Muscle atrophy is a common side-effect of bed rest during hospitalization. However, resistance training may minimize or even prevent these complications. Therefore, we evaluated the efficiency of four upper-body elastic resistance exercises that could be performed while lying or sitting in a hospital bed.
Twenty-two healthy subjects performed three repetitions of each exercise in a supine and seated position with a perceived intensity of 3 (low) and 8 (high) on the Borg CR10 Scale. Surface electromyography was collected from 12 shoulder and arm muscles (e.g. trapezius, deltoideus, and biceps brachii), and normalized to a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (nEMG).
During all exercises performed at high intensity, moderate (>40%) to high (>60%) levels of nEMG were found for the majority of the analysed muscles, e.g. deltoideus (from 37% to 69%, median 57.5%), trapezius (from 43% to 66%, median 51%), and infraspinatus (from 54% to 66%, median 59%), with the exception of pectoralis major (from 29% to 47%, median 39.5%) and latissimus dorsi (from 15% to 22%, median 18.5%). No significant differences were found between the supine and seated positions for any of the exercises.
This study showed that high levels of shoulder and arm muscle activity can be achieved while lying or sitting in a hospital bed using appropriate exercises with elastic bands. The data presented here can be used by physiotherapists as a guideline for selecting suitable and effective strengthening exercises during in-hospital rehabilitation to counteract bed-rest related muscle atrophy in the upper body.
肌肉萎缩是住院期间卧床休息常见的副作用。然而，抗阻训练可能会将这些并发症降至最低甚至预防。因此，我们评估了四种可以在医院病床躺着或坐着时进行的上肢弹性抗阻训练的效果。
22名健康受试者在仰卧位和坐位下对每项运动各进行三组重复动作，主观用力程度在Borg CR10量表上为3（低）至8（高）。从12块肩部和手臂肌肉（如斜方肌、三角肌和肱二头肌）采集表面肌电图，并将其归一化为最大自主等长收缩（nEMG）。
在所有高强度运动中，大多数被分析肌肉的nEMG水平为中度（>40%）至高（>60%），如三角肌（从37%至69%，中位数为57.5%）、斜方肌（从43%至66%，中位数为51%）和冈下肌（从54%至66%，中位数为59%），胸大肌（从29%至47%，中位数为39.5%）和背阔肌（从15%至22%，中位数为18.5%）除外。任何一项运动在仰卧位和坐位之间均未发现显著差异。
本研究表明，通过使用合适的弹力带运动，在医院病床躺着或坐着时可实现高水平的肩部和手臂肌肉活动。本文提供的数据可被物理治疗师用作在住院康复期间选择合适且有效的强化运动的指导，以对抗与卧床休息相关的上身肌肉萎缩。
