Maladies infectieuses, CHU Bretonneau, 2, boulevard Tonnelé, 37044 Tours cedex, France.
Med Mal Infect. 2018 Jun;48(4):231-237. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2018.01.005. Epub 2018 Feb 14.
Communication technologies have invaded our daily lives. Several studies have assessed these technologies in the management of infectious diseases (mainly HIV). Weekly short text messages and real-time compliance monitoring assessed in HIV patients are both associated with higher compliance in low-income countries. Virtual consultations to monitor stable chronic HIV patients or tuberculosis treatment in high-income countries appear to be acceptable and efficient. Although assessed in small studies, virtual monitoring seems to reinforce the doctor-patient relationship and the relation between primary care settings and hospitals in various infectious diseases (endocarditis, urinary tract infection, skin and soft tissue infection, HIV, tuberculosis, hepatitis C). A better prevention of infectious diseases (mainly sexually transmitted infections) seems to be observed with telemedicine tools. As fees for teleconsultation or telemonitoring have yet to be defined, the development and evaluation (cost effectiveness) of these tools are difficult. The regulatory framework will need to be improved to encourage such developments, all the while ensuring the confidentiality of data. The development of new tools will require the collaboration of physicians, users, and healthcare systems.
通信技术已经深入我们的日常生活。多项研究评估了这些技术在传染病管理中的应用（主要是 HIV）。每周发送简短的文本信息和实时监测依从性，这两种方式都与低收入国家更高的依从性相关。在高收入国家，通过虚拟咨询来监测稳定的慢性 HIV 患者或结核病治疗似乎是可以接受和有效的。尽管在小型研究中进行了评估，但虚拟监测似乎加强了医患关系，以及初级保健机构和医院在各种传染病（心内膜炎、尿路感染、皮肤和软组织感染、HIV、结核病、丙型肝炎）之间的关系。通过远程医疗工具，似乎可以更好地预防传染病（主要是性传播感染）。由于远程咨询或远程监测的费用尚未确定，因此这些工具的开发和评估（成本效益）具有一定难度。需要改进监管框架，以鼓励这些发展，同时确保数据的保密性。新工具的开发将需要医生、用户和医疗保健系统的合作。
