Department of Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Building 11, Partenon, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Department of Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Building 11, Partenon, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Compr Psychiatry. 2018 Apr;82:89-94. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.01.011. Epub 2018 Feb 16.
Studies have reliably identified an association between suicide attempts and executive functions such as decision making (DM) and inhibitory control (IC) in patients with mood disorders. As such, the present study aimed to investigate the association between inhibition, DM, impulsivity and the history of suicide attempts in individuals with bipolar (BD) or major depressive disorder (MDD), identifying which assessment instruments may be most strongly associated with suicide in clinical samples.
The sample included 80 control subjects and two groups of patients with BD and MDD, matched by age and education (26 with a history of suicide attempts [MD+], and 26 with no such history [MD-]). Participants completed behavioral and self-report measures of DM and IC, which were compared between groups using ANCOVA, followed by logistic regression for patients with mood disorders only, and the presence or absence of a history of suicide as the outcome.
Cognitive performance did not differ between groups. The MD+ group showed significantly higher motor and attentional impulsivity on the BIS-11 than the MD- and control groups. A regression analysis containing these scores showed that motor impulsivity was the only significant predictor of a history of suicide (OR = 1.14; 95%CI 1.00-1.30).
Self-reported motor impulsivity was a significant predictor of suicide. These findings underscore the importance of self-report measures in neuropsychological assessment, and their contributions to the management and prognosis of patients with mood disorders. Lastly, they point to the role of impulsivity as a target for interventions and public policy on suicide prevention.
研究可靠地确定了自杀企图与执行功能（如决策制定（DM）和抑制控制（IC））之间的关联，在心境障碍患者中。因此，本研究旨在调查双相情感障碍（BD）或重性抑郁障碍（MDD）个体中抑制、DM、冲动与自杀企图史之间的关系，确定哪些评估工具与临床样本中的自杀最密切相关。
该样本包括 80 名对照受试者和两组 BD 和 MDD 患者，按年龄和教育程度匹配（有自杀史[MD+]的 26 例，无自杀史[MD-]的 26 例）。参与者完成了 DM 和 IC 的行为和自我报告评估，使用 ANCOVA 比较组间差异，然后对仅患有心境障碍的患者进行逻辑回归，以自杀史的存在或不存在作为结果。
认知表现各组间无差异。MD+组在 BIS-11 上的运动和注意力冲动性明显高于 MD-组和对照组。包含这些分数的回归分析显示，运动冲动性是自杀史的唯一显著预测因素（OR=1.14；95%CI 1.00-1.30）。
自我报告的运动冲动性是自杀的一个显著预测因素。这些发现强调了自我报告测量在神经心理学评估中的重要性，以及它们对心境障碍患者的管理和预后的贡献。最后，它们指出冲动性作为干预和预防自杀的公共政策的目标的作用。
