School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Environ Int. 2018 Apr;113:240-248. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.02.001. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
Childhood asthma is prevalent in China. However, there is a lack of evidence on whether household renovation, including the materials used and the periods, are associated with the disease.
To investigate the associations between household decoration materials and renovation periods, and childhood asthma and its related symptoms.
During 2010-2012, a retrospective cohort study was initiated in seven cities of China, and 40,010 children, aged 3-6 years, were recruited. Data on demographics, health status, and home decoration conditions were collected using a parent-administered questionnaire. Two-level (city-child) logistic regression analyses with adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were performed to show the target associations. Sensitivity analysis was performed by stratifying data for children in the southern and northern cities.
Children whose homes underwent renovation or the addition of new furniture within 1 year before pregnancy, during pregnancy, at age 0-1 year, and after age 1 year had significantly (p < 0.05) higher prevalence of childhood asthma and its related symptoms. The use of solid wood floors and wallpaper had significant associations (cement: AOR, 95% CI: 1.59, 1.17-2.17; lime: AOR, 95% CI: 1.31, 1.00-1.71) with an increased risk of lifetime asthma. Household renovation and the addition of new furniture during pregnancy had significant associations with lifetime asthma (renovation: AOR, 95% CI: 1.23, 1.01-1.51); lifetime wheeze (renovation: AOR, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.05-1.39; furniture: AOR, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.14-1.36), current wheeze (renovation: AOR, 95% CI, 1.21 1.05-1.40; furniture: AOR, 95% CI: 1.23, 1.12-1.34), and current dry cough (renovation: AOR, 95% CI: 1.41, 1.23-1.63; furniture: AOR, 95% CI: 1.28, 1.17-1.41). Similar associations were found between the addition of new furniture during early childhood and lifetime asthma and its related symptoms. Except for the association between lifetime wheeze and flooring materials, the studied associations were generally stronger among children from the northern cities.
We confirmed that using cellulose based materials in home decoration and renovation, and adding new furniture during early childhood and pregnancy could be risk factors for childhood asthma. The association between household decoration during early childhood and childhood asthma may be stronger in the northern cities of China.
儿童哮喘在中国很普遍。然而，关于家庭装修（包括使用的材料和装修时间）是否与该疾病有关，目前还缺乏证据。
调查家庭装修材料和装修时间与儿童哮喘及其相关症状之间的关联。
2010-2012 年，在中国七个城市开展了一项回顾性队列研究，共招募了 40100 名 3-6 岁的儿童。采用家长问卷调查收集人口统计学、健康状况和家庭装修条件等数据。采用两级（城市-儿童）逻辑回归分析，计算调整后的优势比（AOR）和 95%置信区间（CI），以显示目标关联。对来自南方和北方城市的儿童数据进行分层，以进行敏感性分析。
在妊娠前 1 年、妊娠期间、0-1 岁和 1 岁后，家中进行过装修或添加新家具的儿童，其哮喘和相关症状的发生率明显较高（p＜0.05）。使用实木地板和壁纸与终生哮喘的风险增加具有显著关联（水泥：AOR，95%CI：1.59，1.17-2.17；石灰：AOR，95%CI：1.31，1.00-1.71）。怀孕期间家庭装修和添加新家具与终生哮喘（装修：AOR，95%CI：1.23，1.01-1.51）；终生喘息（装修：AOR，95%CI：1.21，1.05-1.39；家具：AOR，95%CI：1.24，1.14-1.36）、当前喘息（装修：AOR，95%CI，1.21 1.05-1.40；家具：AOR，95%CI：1.23，1.12-1.34）和当前干咳（装修：AOR，95%CI：1.41，1.23-1.63；家具：AOR，95%CI：1.28，1.17-1.41）之间存在显著关联。在儿童早期添加新家具与终生哮喘及其相关症状之间也存在类似的关联。除了终生喘息与地板材料之间的关联外，在北方城市儿童中，这些关联通常更强。
我们证实，家庭装修中使用纤维素基材料、在儿童早期和妊娠期间添加新家具可能是儿童哮喘的危险因素。家庭装修与儿童哮喘之间的关联在我国北方城市可能更强。
