Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, Bengaluru, India.
Department of Biostatistics, St. John's Medical College, Bengaluru, India.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2018 Apr;72(4):603-608. doi: 10.1038/s41430-018-0094-1. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Fruits and vegetables are integral parts of a healthy diet. This study evaluated the quantity and diversity of the fruit and vegetable intake in India, with a focus on its distribution across sectors and wealth quintiles.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: A secondary data analysis on the nation-wide NSSO Household Consumer Expenditure Survey 2011-2012 was performed to estimate the amount (g/capita/day) and diversity of household intake of fruits and vegetables in the rural and the urban sectors of India. Using the expenditure data, households in both the sectors were further divided into wealth quintiles and differences in the diversity of intake was evaluated across these quintiles separately for each sector.
The per capita household vegetable and fruit intake was found to be 145 and 15 g, respectively, for rural India, and 155 and 29 g for urban India. A significant portion of this intake came from energy-dense food items; potatoes and bananas for vegetable and fruit intake respectively. Further, while wealth marginally improved the diversity in vegetable intake, no such trend was observed in fruit intake.
Given the high proportion of energy-dense fruits and vegetables in the Indian total intake, the focus should be on improving the diversity of vegetables, as well as on increasing the intake and diversity of fruits.
背景/目的：水果和蔬菜是健康饮食的重要组成部分。本研究评估了印度水果和蔬菜摄入量的数量和多样性，重点关注其在各部门和财富五分位数中的分布。
受试者/方法：对 2011-2012 年全国性 NSSO 家庭消费者支出调查进行二次数据分析，以估计印度农村和城市地区家庭水果和蔬菜摄入量的数量（g/人/天）和多样性。利用支出数据，将两个部门的家庭进一步分为五个财富五分位数，并分别评估每个部门中各五分位数之间摄入多样性的差异。
农村印度的人均家庭蔬菜和水果摄入量分别为 145 和 15 g，城市印度的摄入量分别为 155 和 29 g。这部分摄入量的很大一部分来自于高能量的食物，分别是土豆和香蕉。此外，虽然财富略微提高了蔬菜摄入量的多样性，但水果摄入量没有出现这种趋势。
鉴于印度总摄入量中高热量水果和蔬菜的比例较高，应重点提高蔬菜的多样性，并增加水果的摄入量和多样性。
