Ugolini Alessandro, Salamone Simona, Agostino Paola, Sardi Enrica, Silvestrini-Biavati Armando
Oral Health Prev Dent. 2018;16(1):87-92. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a39816.
To evaluate the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) and severe ECC (S-ECC) among Italian preschool children and its predictors regarding children's lifestyle.
A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 563 preschool children. A questionnaire for children's parents and clinical examinations were conducted by calibrated, blinded examiners. The odds ratios (OR) for ECC or S-ECC and co-presence of risk factors were calculated using univariate and multivariate models. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 in all analyses.
The prevalence of ECC and S-ECC was 14.4% and 5.9%, respectively. According to the multivariate analysis, the predictors for caries were (p < 0.05): age (OR = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.36 - 4.52), non-Italian ethnic origin (OR = 4.3; 95% CI = 2.83 - 7.37), consumption of sugary beverages more than once per day (OR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.21 - 5.26) and having inadequate oral hygiene status (OR = 3.6; 95% CI = 2.01 - 5.83).
Dietary habits and dental care are important environmental contributing factors in the development of caries in preschool children. Oral health promotion should include an oral hygiene instruction programme and dietary guidelines focused on daily sugar intake for the preschool children themselves as well as for their parents.
评估意大利学龄前儿童早期儿童龋（ECC）和重度早期儿童龋（S-ECC）的患病率及其与儿童生活方式相关的预测因素。
开展一项横断面研究，纳入563名学龄前儿童。由经过校准的盲法检查人员对儿童家长进行问卷调查并进行临床检查。使用单变量和多变量模型计算ECC或S-ECC以及危险因素共存的比值比（OR）。所有分析中设定统计学显著性为p<0.05。
ECC和S-ECC的患病率分别为14.4%和5.9%。根据多变量分析，龋齿的预测因素为（p<0.05）：年龄（OR = 2.5；95%CI = 1.36 - 4.52）、非意大利族裔（OR = 4.3；95%CI = 2.83 - 7.37）、每天饮用含糖饮料超过一次（OR = 2.1；95%CI = 1.21 - 5.26）以及口腔卫生状况不佳（OR = 3.6；95%CI = 2.01 - 5.83）。
饮食习惯和口腔护理是学龄前儿童龋齿发生的重要环境影响因素。口腔健康促进应包括针对学龄前儿童及其家长的口腔卫生指导计划和关注每日糖摄入量的饮食指南。
