Watase T, Okuda M
Rhinology. 1986 Sep;24(3):181-6.
The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the effects of different kinds of autonomotropic drugs on the nasal mucosa as well as on the nasal reaction to specific allergens in patients with nasal allergy. First, phenylephrine (alpha-agonist), phentolamine (alpha-antagonist), isoproterenol (beta-agonist), propranolol (beta-antagonist), methacholine (choline agonist), or ipratropium (choline antagonist) was applied to the nasal mucosa with an atomizer using saline as control. Definitive effects appeared at the spray of alpha-agonist or choline agonist. Phenylephrine reduced nasal airway resistance, and methacholine increased nasal secretion. Secondly, after treatment with the drugs, nasal provocations were performed. The statistically significant effects were noted as follows: phenylephrine spray inhibited the increase of nasal airway resistance, while phentolamine or isoproterenol enhanced it. Methacholine enhanced nasal secretion, while ipratropium inhibited it. None of the drugs, however, affected the number of sneezes. The present results suggest that adrenergic receptors are mainly distributed on the walls of vessels and cholinergic receptors mainly on the secretory glands. Pharmacological conditions of the local autonomic nervous system would affect the nasal response in allergy in different ways according to different conditions.
本研究的目的是阐明不同类型的自主神经药物对鼻黏膜以及对鼻过敏患者特定过敏原的鼻反应的影响。首先，使用喷雾器将去氧肾上腺素（α受体激动剂）、酚妥拉明（α受体拮抗剂）、异丙肾上腺素（β受体激动剂）、普萘洛尔（β受体拮抗剂）、乙酰甲胆碱（胆碱能激动剂）或异丙托溴铵（胆碱能拮抗剂）应用于鼻黏膜，以生理盐水作为对照。在喷雾α受体激动剂或胆碱能激动剂时出现了明确的效果。去氧肾上腺素降低了鼻气道阻力，而乙酰甲胆碱增加了鼻分泌物。其次，在药物治疗后，进行了鼻激发试验。观察到的具有统计学意义的效果如下：去氧肾上腺素喷雾抑制了鼻气道阻力的增加，而酚妥拉明或异丙肾上腺素则增强了这种增加。乙酰甲胆碱增加了鼻分泌物，而异丙托溴铵则抑制了它。然而，这些药物均未影响喷嚏次数。目前的结果表明，肾上腺素能受体主要分布在血管壁上，胆碱能受体主要分布在分泌腺上。局部自主神经系统的药理状态会根据不同情况以不同方式影响过敏中的鼻反应。
