Gruenwald Christina M, Middendorf Matthew S, Hoepf Michael R, Galster Scott M
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Warfighter Interface Division, Applied Neuroscience Branch, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, USA.
Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018 Feb 1;89(2):115-121. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.4894.2018.
An experiment in a program of research supporting the sense-assess-augment (SAA) framework is described. The objective is to use physiological measures to assess operator cognitive workload in remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) operations, and provide augmentation to assist the operator in times of high workload. In previous experiments, physiological measures were identified that demonstrate sensitivity to changes in workload. The current research solely focuses on the augmentation component of the SAA paradigm. This line of research uses a realistic RPA simulation with varying levels of workload.
Recruited from the Midwest region were 12 individuals (6 women) to participate in the experiment. The subjects were trained to perform a surveillance task and a tracking task using RPAs. There was also a secondary task in which subjects were required to answer cognitive probes. A within subjects factorial design was employed with three factors per task. Subjective workload estimates were acquired using the NASA-TLX. Performance data were calculated using a composite scoring algorithm.
Augmentation significantly improved performance and reduced workload in both tasks. In the surveillance task, augmentation increased performance from 573.78 to 679.04. Likewise, augmentation increased performance in the tracking task from 749.39 to 791.81. Augmentation was more beneficial in high workload conditions than low workload conditions.
The increase in performance and decrease in workload associated with augmentation is an important and anticipated finding. This suggests that augmentation should only be provided when it is truly needed, especially if the augmentation requires additional assets and/or resources.Gruenwald CM, Middendorf MS, Hoepf MR, Galster SM. Augmenting human performance in remotely piloted aircraft. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(2):115-121.
本文描述了一项支持感官评估增强（SAA）框架的研究计划中的实验。其目的是使用生理指标来评估遥控飞机（RPA）操作中操作员的认知工作量，并在高工作量时期提供增强辅助以协助操作员。在先前的实验中，已确定了对工作量变化具有敏感性的生理指标。当前的研究仅聚焦于SAA范式的增强部分。这一系列研究使用了具有不同工作量水平的逼真的RPA模拟。
从美国中西部地区招募了12名个体（6名女性）参与实验。受试者接受了使用RPA执行监视任务和跟踪任务的训练。还有一项次要任务，要求受试者回答认知探针问题。采用了受试者内析因设计，每个任务有三个因素。使用NASA - TLX获取主观工作量估计值。使用复合评分算法计算绩效数据。
增强在两项任务中均显著提高了绩效并降低了工作量。在监视任务中，增强使绩效从573.78提高到679.04。同样，增强使跟踪任务的绩效从749.39提高到791.81。增强在高工作量条件下比在低工作量条件下更有益。
与增强相关的绩效提高和工作量降低是一项重要且预期的发现。这表明增强应仅在真正需要时提供，特别是如果增强需要额外的资产和/或资源。
格鲁恩瓦尔德CM、米登多夫MS、赫普夫MR、加尔斯泰尔SM。增强遥控飞机中的人类绩效。航空航天医学与人类表现。2018年；89(2):115 - 121。
