Blümle A, Lagrèze W A, Motschall E
Cochrane Deutschland, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 153, 79110, Freiburg, Deutschland.
Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland.
Ophthalmologe. 2018 Mar;115(3):243-260. doi: 10.1007/s00347-018-0659-3.
In order to identify current (and relevant) evidence for a specific clinical question within the unmanageable amount of information available, solid skills in performing a systematic literature search are essential. An efficient approach is to search a biomedical database containing relevant literature citations of study reports. The best known database is MEDLINE, which is searchable for free via the PubMed interface. In this article, we explain step by step how to perform a systematic literature search via PubMed by means of an example research question in the field of ophthalmology. First, we demonstrate how to translate the clinical problem into a well-framed and searchable research question, how to identify relevant search terms and how to conduct a text word search and a search with keywords in medical subject headings (MeSH) terms. We then show how to limit the number of search results if the search yields too many irrelevant hits and how to increase the number in the case of too few citations. Finally, we summarize all essential principles that guide a literature search via PubMed.
为了在海量的可用信息中识别针对特定临床问题的当前（及相关）证据，具备扎实的系统文献检索技能至关重要。一种有效的方法是搜索包含研究报告相关文献引用的生物医学数据库。最知名的数据库是MEDLINE，可通过PubMed界面免费检索。在本文中，我们通过眼科领域的一个示例研究问题，逐步解释如何通过PubMed进行系统文献检索。首先，我们展示如何将临床问题转化为一个框架良好且可检索的研究问题，如何识别相关检索词，以及如何进行文本词检索和使用医学主题词（MeSH）进行关键词检索。然后，我们说明如果检索结果产生过多不相关的命中结果时如何限制检索结果数量，以及在引用过少的情况下如何增加数量。最后，我们总结指导通过PubMed进行文献检索的所有基本原则。
