Sugimoto Katsunori
Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, International Center for Public Health, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
Curr Genet. 2018 Oct;64(5):965-970. doi: 10.1007/s00294-018-0817-9. Epub 2018 Feb 22.
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinases (PIKKs), are structurally related to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (lipid kinase), but possess protein kinase activities. PIKKs include ATM, ATR, DNA-PK, mTOR and SMG1, key regulators of cell proliferation and genome maintenance. TRRAP, which is devoid of protein kinase activity, is the sixth member of the PIKK family. PIKK family members are gigantic proteins in the range of 300-500 kDa. It has become apparent in the last decade that the stability or maturation of the PIKK family members depends on a molecular chaperone called the Tel2-Tti1-Tti2 (TTT) complex. Several lines of evidence have established a model in which TTT connects to the Hsp90 chaperone through the Rvb1-Rvb2-Tah1-Pih1 (R2TP) complex in mammalian and yeast cells. However, recent studies of yeast cells indicate that TTT is able to form different complexes. These observations raise a possibility that several different mechanisms regulate TTT-mediated protein stability of PIKKs.
磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶相关激酶(PIKKs)在结构上与磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(脂质激酶)相关,但具有蛋白激酶活性。PIKKs包括ATM、ATR、DNA-PK、mTOR和SMG1,它们是细胞增殖和基因组维持的关键调节因子。缺乏蛋白激酶活性的TRRAP是PIKK家族的第六个成员。PIKK家族成员是分子量在300 - 500 kDa范围内的巨大蛋白质。在过去十年中已经很明显,PIKK家族成员的稳定性或成熟取决于一种称为Tel2-Tti1-Tti2(TTT)复合物的分子伴侣。多项证据建立了一个模型,在哺乳动物和酵母细胞中,TTT通过Rvb1-Rvb2-Tah1-Pih1(R2TP)复合物与Hsp90伴侣蛋白相连。然而,最近对酵母细胞的研究表明,TTT能够形成不同的复合物。这些观察结果提出了一种可能性,即几种不同的机制调节TTT介导的PIKKs蛋白稳定性。