Immunology Section, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland.
Semin Liver Dis. 2018 Feb;38(1):60-65. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1621709. Epub 2018 Feb 22.
The broadening field of microbiome research has led to a substantial reappraisal of the gut-liver axis and its role in chronic liver disease. The liver is a central immunologic organ that is continuously exposed to food and microbial-derived antigens from the gastrointestinal tract. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are enriched in the human liver and can be activated by inflammatory cytokines and microbial antigens. In chronic inflammatory liver disease, MAIT cells are depleted suggesting an impaired MAIT cell-dependent protection against bacterial infections.
微生物组研究领域的不断拓宽,促使人们对肠道-肝脏轴及其在慢性肝病中的作用进行了重新评估。肝脏是一个重要的免疫器官,持续暴露于来自胃肠道的食物和微生物衍生抗原。黏膜相关不变 T(MAIT)细胞在人类肝脏中丰富,并可被炎症细胞因子和微生物抗原激活。在慢性炎症性肝病中,MAIT 细胞耗竭,表明 MAIT 细胞依赖的细菌感染保护受损。