Luo Jian, Zheng Zicheng, Li Tingxuan, He Shuqin
College of Resources Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
Sci Rep. 2018 Feb 22;8(1):3483. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-21852-6.
This study investigated the variation characteristics of micro-topography during successive erosive stages of water erosion: splash erosion (SpE), sheet erosion (ShE), and rill erosion (RE). Micro-topography was quantified using surface elevation change, soil roughness (SR) and multifractal model. Results showed that the area of soil surface elevation decay increased gradually with the development of water erosion. With rainfall, the combined effects of the detachment by raindrop impact and the transport of runoff decreased SR, whereas rill erosion contributed to increase SR. With the increase in slope gradient, soil erosion area gradually decreased at the splash erosion stage. By contrast, soil erosion area initially decreased and then increased at the sheet and rill erosion stages. The width of the D spectra (ΔD) values increased at the splash erosion stage and then decreased at the sheet and rill erosion stages on the 10° slope, opposite to that on the 15° slope. The ΔD values decreased with the evolution of water erosive stages on the 20° slope. The slope had an enhancing effect on the evolution of water erosion. In this study, we clarified the essence of micro-topography and laid a theoretical foundation for further understanding diverse hydrological processes.
本研究调查了水蚀连续侵蚀阶段（溅蚀、片蚀和细沟侵蚀）微观地形的变化特征。利用地表高程变化、土壤粗糙度（SR）和多重分形模型对微观地形进行了量化。结果表明，随着水蚀的发展，土壤表面高程衰减面积逐渐增加。降雨时，雨滴冲击剥离和径流输移的综合作用降低了土壤粗糙度，而细沟侵蚀则导致土壤粗糙度增加。随着坡度增大，溅蚀阶段土壤侵蚀面积逐渐减小。相比之下，片蚀和细沟侵蚀阶段土壤侵蚀面积先减小后增大。10°坡度下，D谱宽度（ΔD）值在溅蚀阶段增大，在片蚀和细沟侵蚀阶段减小，这与15°坡度下的情况相反。20°坡度下，ΔD值随水蚀阶段的演变而减小。坡度对水蚀演变有增强作用。在本研究中，我们阐明了微观地形的本质，为进一步理解多样的水文过程奠定了理论基础。
