Bick Emily N, Forbes Nora J, Haugen Christopher, Jones Grant, Bernick Shawn, Miller Fredric
Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA.
Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
J Econ Entomol. 2018 Apr 2;111(2):732-740. doi: 10.1093/jee/toy018.
Emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis (Fairmaire; Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is decimating ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) in North America. Combatting EAB includes the use of insecticides; however, reported insecticide efficacy varies among published studies. This study assessed the effects of season of application, insecticide active ingredient, and insecticide application rate on green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.) (Lamiales: Oleaceae) canopy decline caused by EAB over a 5- to 7-yr interval. Data suggested that spring treatments were generally more effective in reducing canopy decline than fall treatments, but this difference was not statistically significant. Lowest rates of decline (<5% over 5 yr) were observed in trees treated with imidacloprid injected annually in the soil during spring (at the higher of two tested application rates; 1.12 g/cm diameter at 1.3 m height) and emamectin benzoate injected biennially into the stem. All tested insecticides (dinotefuran, emamectin benzoate, and imidacloprid) under all tested conditions significantly reduced the rate of increase of dieback.
翡翠灰螟（EAB），即光肩星天牛（Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire；鞘翅目：吉丁甲科），正在使北美洲的灰树（白蜡树属Fraxinus spp.）大量死亡。对抗翡翠灰螟包括使用杀虫剂；然而，已发表研究中报道的杀虫剂效果各不相同。本研究评估了施药季节、杀虫剂活性成分和杀虫剂施用量对5至7年期间由翡翠灰螟导致的绿灰树（Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.）（唇形目：木犀科）树冠衰退的影响。数据表明，春季处理通常在减少树冠衰退方面比秋季处理更有效，但这种差异没有统计学意义。在春季每年向土壤中注射吡虫啉（在两个测试施用量中较高的那个；1.3米高度处直径每厘米1.12克）以及每两年向树干注射甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐处理的树木中，观察到最低的衰退率（5年内<5%）。在所有测试条件下，所有测试的杀虫剂（呋虫胺、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和吡虫啉）都显著降低了枯死率的增加。
