Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS/URCA UMR No 7369 MEDyC, Reims, France; University Hospital of Reims, Reims, France.
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS/URCA UMR No 7369 MEDyC, Reims, France; University Hospital of Reims, Reims, France.
Adv Clin Chem. 2018;84:1-38. doi: 10.1016/bs.acc.2017.12.001.
Protein carbamylation refers to a nonenzymatic modification, which consists in the binding of isocyanic acid on protein functional groups. This reaction is responsible for the alteration in structural and functional properties of proteins, which participate in their molecular aging. Protein molecular aging is now considered a molecular substratum for the development of chronic and inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, or rheumatoid arthritis. As a consequence, carbamylation-derived products have been proposed as interesting biomarkers in various pathological contexts and appropriate analytical methods have been developed for their quantification in biological fluids. The purpose of this review is (i) to describe the biochemical bases of the carbamylation reaction, (ii) to explain how it contributes to protein molecular aging, (iii) to provide evidence of its involvement in aging and chronic diseases, and (iv) to list the available biomarkers of carbamylation process and the related analytical methods.
蛋白质的氨甲酰化是一种非酶促修饰，它由异氰酸与蛋白质的功能基团结合而成。该反应负责改变蛋白质的结构和功能特性，使其参与分子衰老。目前，蛋白质分子衰老被认为是慢性和炎症性疾病（包括动脉粥样硬化、慢性肾病或类风湿关节炎）发展的分子基础。因此，氨甲酰化衍生产物已被提议作为各种病理情况下的有意义的生物标志物，并且已经开发出适当的分析方法来定量检测生物流体中的这些产物。本文综述的目的在于：（i）描述氨甲酰化反应的生化基础；（ii）解释其如何导致蛋白质分子衰老；（iii）提供其参与衰老和慢性疾病的证据；（iv）列出可用的氨甲酰化过程生物标志物及其相关分析方法。
