Persson L, Leonardsson K, Alanärä A
Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden.
J Fish Biol. 2018 Apr;92(4):961-978. doi: 10.1111/jfb.13555. Epub 2018 Feb 26.
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts were produced with similar energetic states as wild S. salar and the effect of low energetic state on smolt migration was tested. The total energetic state of the fish (body lipids and proteins) in the spring was correlated with Fulton's condition factor (K). Fish at a low energetic state swam slower but migrated further than fish at a higher energetic state when tested in two experimental streams. During a period of starvation throughout the winter and spring, fish conserved their body-lipid reserves at 1·5% by using more protein as an energy source and the metabolic shift occurred between 3·5 and 1·5% body lipids. An energetic state of approximately 3·5 kJ g (K ≈ 0·65) appeared to be the critical limit for survival.
养殖的大西洋鲑（Salmo salar）幼鲑具有与野生大西洋鲑相似的能量状态，并对低能量状态对幼鲑洄游的影响进行了测试。春季鱼的总能量状态（身体脂质和蛋白质）与福尔顿体况指数（K）相关。在两条实验溪流中进行测试时，处于低能量状态的鱼游泳速度较慢，但比处于高能量状态的鱼洄游得更远。在整个冬季和春季的饥饿期，鱼通过更多地利用蛋白质作为能量来源，将其身体脂质储备维持在1.5%，代谢转变发生在身体脂质含量从3.5%降至1.5%之间。大约3.5 kJ/g（K≈0.65）的能量状态似乎是生存的临界极限。
