MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2018 Apr 19;373(1744). doi: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0162.
In recent years, substantial effort has gone into disentangling the genetic contribution to individual differences in behaviour (such as personality and temperament traits). Heritability estimates from twin and family studies, and more recently using whole genome approaches, suggest a substantial genetic component to these traits. However, efforts to identify the genes that influence these traits have had relatively little success. Here, we review current work investigating the heritability of individual differences in behavioural traits and provide an overview of the results from genome-wide association analyses of these traits to date. In addition, we discuss the implications of these findings for the potential applications of Mendelian randomization.This article is part of the theme issue 'Diverse perspectives on diversity: multi-disciplinary approaches to taxonomies of individual differences'.
近年来，人们在努力厘清行为（如个性和气质特征）个体差异的遗传贡献。来自双胞胎和家庭研究的遗传力估计，以及最近使用全基因组方法的研究结果表明，这些特征存在很大的遗传成分。然而，在识别影响这些特征的基因方面，努力相对较少。在这里，我们回顾了目前对行为特征个体差异遗传力的研究，并概述了迄今为止这些特征的全基因组关联分析的结果。此外，我们还讨论了这些发现对孟德尔随机化潜在应用的影响。本文是“多样性的不同视角：个体差异分类的多学科方法”主题问题的一部分。
