Tchernev Georgi, Lotti Torello, Lozev Ilia, Maximov Georgi Konstantinov, Wollina Uwe
Medical Institute of Ministry of Interior Department of General, Vascular and Abdominal Surgery, Sofia, Bulgaria.
"Onkoderma"- Policlinic for Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2018 Jan 13;6(1):132-133. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.013. eCollection 2018 Jan 25.
Periocular malignancies represent between 5% and 10% of all types of skin cancers. The incidence of eyelid (but also the periocular located) malignancies seems to differ in distribution across the continents. The incidence of eyelid tumours (but also the periocular located tumours) in a predominantly white population determined that BCC is the most common malignant periocular eyelid tumour in whites. This finding has been replicated consistently throughout the literature, with BCC representing 85-95% of all eyelid malignancies, SCC representing 3.4 - 12.6%, Seb Ca representing 0.6 - 10.2%, and both melanoma and Merkel cell carcinoma representing less than 1%. Most periocular skin cancers are associated with ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure. Ultraviolet radiation causes local immune suppression, which, coupled with DNA abnormalities in tumour suppressor genes and oncogenes, leads to the development of skin cancers. We are presenting a 62 - year - old patient with a small nodule about 2 cm away from the lower lid of his left eye. A tumour was surgically treated. Several years later there was a tumour relapse, treated with radiotherapy and subsequent chemotherapy with Endoxan and Cisplatin. After the second relapse, he was treated surgically in general anaesthesia by orbital exenteration, removal of the orbital floor and resection of zygomatic bone and the maxillary sinus. A couple of months later, he developed a tumour relapse in the scars and the area of a primary tumour with tumour progression. A possible therapy with Cetuximab or radiation therapy was discussed as a possible treatment option.
眼周恶性肿瘤占所有皮肤癌类型的5%至10%。眼睑(以及眼周部位)恶性肿瘤的发病率在各大洲的分布似乎有所不同。在以白人为主的人群中,眼睑肿瘤(以及眼周部位的肿瘤)的发病率表明,基底细胞癌是白人中最常见的眼周眼睑恶性肿瘤。这一发现已在整个文献中得到一致重复,基底细胞癌占所有眼睑恶性肿瘤的85%至95%,鳞状细胞癌占3.4%至12.6%,皮脂腺癌占0.6%至10.2%,黑色素瘤和默克尔细胞癌均占不到1%。大多数眼周皮肤癌与紫外线辐射暴露有关。紫外线辐射会导致局部免疫抑制,这与肿瘤抑制基因和癌基因中的DNA异常相结合,会导致皮肤癌的发生。我们报告一名62岁患者,在其左眼眼睑下方约2厘米处有一个小结节。肿瘤接受了手术治疗。几年后出现肿瘤复发,接受了放疗以及随后用环磷酰胺和顺铂进行的化疗。第二次复发后,他在全身麻醉下接受了眼眶内容剜除术、眶底切除以及颧骨和上颌窦切除的手术治疗。几个月后,他在瘢痕处以及原发肿瘤区域出现肿瘤复发且肿瘤进展。讨论了西妥昔单抗治疗或放射治疗作为可能的治疗选择。