Benuto Lorraine, Singer Jonathan, Cummings Caroline, Ahrendt Andrew
Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA.
Health Soc Care Community. 2018 Jul;26(4):564-571. doi: 10.1111/hsc.12554. Epub 2018 Feb 28.
Vicarious trauma is referred to as the detrimental change in the manner that professionals understand and interpret material, as a result of exposure to second-hand traumatic material (McCann & Pearlman [1990] Journal of Traumatic Stress, 3:131). According to Aparicio et al. (Health & Social Work, 2013, 38:199), vicarious trauma comprises both affective and cognitive components and, while it is distinct from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), it is associated with similar symptoms, including re-experiencing and avoiding traumatic material and experiencing depressed mood. The purpose of this study was to analyse the psychometric properties of the Victim Trauma Scale (VTS) and provide additional support, supplementing the findings of Aparicio et al. (2013), but instead using victim advocates as participants (n = 142). The survey was open between February 2016 and February 2017. More than 96% of participants were in paid employment positions, as more than 80% reporting working 40 or more hours a week. Aparicio et al. (2013) found that the VTS was two-dimensional (affective and cognitive); however, after examining the goodness of fit of the two-factor model using a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) approach, this study concluded that the two-dimensional model was not a good fit. Due to the poor goodness of fit of the two-factor model and the post hoc EFA resulting in a one-factor model, our data do not support the findings of Aparicio et al. (2013). Further, the findings suggest the VTS is an acceptable measure of vicarious trauma, as demonstrated by the high internal consistency and the single-factor loading.
替代性创伤是指专业人员由于接触二手创伤性材料，在理解和解释材料的方式上发生的有害变化（麦肯和珀尔曼[1990]《创伤应激杂志》，第3卷：第131页）。根据阿帕里西奥等人（《健康与社会工作》，2013年，第38卷：第199页）的研究，替代性创伤包括情感和认知成分，虽然它与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）不同，但它与类似的症状相关，包括再次体验和回避创伤性材料以及情绪低落。本研究的目的是分析受害者创伤量表（VTS）的心理测量特性，并提供额外支持，补充阿帕里西奥等人（2013年）的研究结果，但此次研究的参与者是受害者权益倡导者（n = 142）。该调查于2016年2月至2017年2月期间开放。超过96%的参与者有带薪工作，超过80%的人报告每周工作40小时或更多。阿帕里西奥等人（2013年）发现VTS是二维的（情感和认知）；然而，在使用验证性因素分析（CFA）方法检验双因素模型的拟合优度后，本研究得出结论，二维模型拟合不佳。由于双因素模型的拟合优度较差，且事后探索性因素分析（EFA）得出单因素模型，我们的数据不支持阿帕里西奥等人（2013年）的研究结果。此外，研究结果表明，VTS是一种可接受的替代性创伤测量方法，高内部一致性和单因素负荷证明了这一点。
