[Bloodstream infection in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Seven years of experience with adults and children].

BACKGROUND

Bloodstream infection is a common complication, which can be life-threatening for hematopoietic stem cells transplant recipients.

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the characteristics of bloodstream infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Observational, retrospective study. We reviewed the records of 451 patients (autologous and allogeneic transplants) from January 2009 to October 2015.

RESULTS

99 positive blood cultures in 73 patients with bloodstream infection (16%) were found. Mortality attributable to infectious causes was 17%. From the 99 bloodstream infection, 63% were caused by gram-negative bacilli (Escherichia coli 45%, Klebsiella spp 23%, Pseudomonas spp 11% Acinetobacter spp % and other bacilli 15%), 33% by gram-positive cocci, 3% by fungi and 1% by gram-positive bacilli. The gram-negative bacilli were ciprofloxacin resistant (81%), piperacillin/tazobactam resistant (48%), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae (40%), cefepime resistant (39%) and there was no resistance noted to amikacin.

DISCUSSION

There is a higher frequency of gram-negative bacilli infection, with a high percentage of multiresistant microorganisms and high resistance to empirical antibiotic treatment.