Bellandi Giacomo, Porro Jose, Senesi Elisa, Caretti Cecilia, Caffaz Simone, Weijers Stefan, Nopens Ingmar, Gori Riccardo
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, Via di S. Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy E-mail:
BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium; Cobalt Water Global, 81 Prospect Street, Brooklyn, NYC 11201, USA.
Water Sci Technol. 2018 Feb;77(3-4):880-890. doi: 10.2166/wst.2017.560.
The large global warming potential of nitrous oxide (NO) is currently of general concern for the water industry, especially in view of a new regulatory framework concerning the carbon footprint of water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs). NO can be generated through different biological pathways and from different treatment steps of a WRRF. The use of generic emission factors (EF) for quantifying the emissions of WRRFs is discouraged. This is due to the number of different factors that can affect how much, when and where NO is emitted from WRRFs. The spatial and temporal variability of three WRRFs in Europe using comparable technologies is presented. An economically feasible and user-friendly method for accounting for the contribution of anoxic zones via direct gas emission measurements was proven. The investigation provided new insights into the contribution from the anoxic zones versus the aerobic zones of biological WRRF tanks and proved the unsuitability of the use of a single EF for the three WRRFs. Dedicated campaigns for NO emissions assessment are to be advised. However, similarities in the EF magnitude can be found considering treatment strategy and influent water composition.
一氧化二氮（N₂O）巨大的全球变暖潜能值目前受到水行业的普遍关注，尤其是考虑到有关水资源回收设施（WRRFs）碳足迹的新监管框架。N₂O可通过不同的生物途径以及WRRFs的不同处理步骤产生。不鼓励使用通用排放因子（EF）来量化WRRFs的排放。这是因为有许多不同因素会影响WRRFs排放N₂O的数量、时间和地点。本文介绍了欧洲三个采用类似技术的WRRFs的时空变异性。通过直接气体排放测量来核算缺氧区贡献的一种经济可行且用户友好的方法得到了验证。该调查为生物WRRFs池的缺氧区与好氧区的贡献提供了新的见解，并证明了对这三个WRRFs使用单一EF的不适用性。建议开展专门的N₂O排放评估活动。然而，考虑到处理策略和进水水质成分，排放因子的量级存在相似性。
