Vincent Gilles, Shang Kankan, Zhang Guowei, Chazarenc Florent, Brisson Jacques
Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Research Center, Shanghai, China.
Institut de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (Irstea), Lyon, France.
Water Sci Technol. 2018 Feb;77(3-4):1072-1078. doi: 10.2166/wst.2017.624.
The objective of this study was to determine how macrophytes commonly used in treatment wetlands (TWs) respond to water with low pollutant concentration. We measured pollutant removal efficiency and compared growth and nutrient uptake of five macrophytes in demonstration scale units (volume >40 m) irrigated by water with pollutant concentrations representative of average urban stormwater quality. All species showed a strong productivity gradient along the beds, starting with high biomass - high density near the inlet, then decreasing progressively with distance. Cyperus was by far the most productive species. Phragmites and Thalia had higher biomass in the first few metres of the beds than Typha and Arundo. In terms of pollutant removal, decreasing plant growth may be interpreted as indicative of high efficiency when caused by nutrient depletion. Differences in aboveground biomass between species did not translate into measurable differences in removal efficiency at the outlet. Although Phragmites australis is the species most commonly used in TWs, under the low nutrient load, Cyperus had twice its biomass, and higher N and P uptake. These results highlight the importance of considering wastewater characteristics when selecting macrophyte species for TWs.
本研究的目的是确定处理湿地（TWs）中常用的大型植物如何应对低污染物浓度的水体。我们测量了污染物去除效率，并比较了五个大型植物在示范规模单元（体积>40立方米）中的生长和养分吸收情况，这些单元由具有城市雨水平均水质代表性污染物浓度的水进行灌溉。所有物种沿床体均呈现出明显的生产力梯度，从进水口附近的高生物量-高密度开始，然后随着距离逐渐降低。香蒲是迄今为止生产力最高的物种。芦苇和水鬼蕉在床体的前几米处比香蒲和芦竹具有更高的生物量。在污染物去除方面，当植物生长减少是由养分耗尽引起时，可解释为去除效率高。物种之间地上生物量的差异并未转化为出水口处去除效率的可测量差异。尽管芦苇是处理湿地中最常用的物种，但在低养分负荷下，香蒲的生物量是其两倍，且氮和磷的吸收量更高。这些结果突出了在为处理湿地选择大型植物物种时考虑废水特性的重要性。
