Sheikhalipour Zahra, Zamanzadeh Vahid, Borimnejad Leili, Valizadeh Leila, Newton Sarah, Shahbazi Mohammad, Zomorrodi Afshar, Nazari Mojtaba
Res Theory Nurs Pract. 2018 Feb 1;32(1):82-95. doi: 10.1891/0000-000Y.32.1.82.
Awaiting organ transplantation can be stressful, and pretransplant candidates' religious and cultural beliefs can influence how they adapt to the stress. While little is known about the effect religious and cultural beliefs have on the pretransplant waiting period, virtually nothing is known regarding whether and how Shia Muslim patients' religious and cultural beliefs facilitate more positive patient outcomes while they await transplantation. Therefore, it is important for nurses and other health care providers to understand transplant candidates' experiences dealing with the stressors that present themselves during the pretransplant waiting period, especially how their religious and cultural beliefs affect their adaptation to the stressors.
The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experience of Shia Muslim organ transplant candidates regarding how their religious and cultural beliefs affect their adaptation to the pretransplant waiting period.
A purposeful sample of 11 Shia Muslim organ transplant candidates who were on an organ transplant waiting list in Iran (kidney, n = 4; heart, n = 4; liver, n = 3) was recruited.
A qualitative research design using the hermeneutical phenomenological approach was utilized in this study. In-depth unstructured interviews were conducted by one of the authors (ZS) in different locations across Iran.
Data analysis led to the development of six themes: "the misty road of organ transplantation," "to accede to organ transplantation despite religious conflict," "one step away from death," "the master key of liberation," "fear of the unknown," and "reliance on God."
The findings of this study will help nurses understand the religious and cultural meaning associated with stressors experienced by Shia Muslim patients awaiting organ transplant. This information can assist nurses to develop plans of care that include patient-specific interventions that take into consideration the patients' religious and cultural beliefs.
Shia Muslim patients awaiting organ transplantation experience feelings that are often in conflict with their religious and cultural beliefs. However, the patients' reliance on God during the pretransplant waiting period facilitated healthier attitudes regarding transplantation.
等待器官移植可能会带来压力，移植前候选者的宗教和文化信仰会影响他们如何应对这种压力。虽然对于宗教和文化信仰对移植前等待期的影响知之甚少，但对于什叶派穆斯林患者的宗教和文化信仰在他们等待移植期间是否以及如何促进更积极的患者预后几乎一无所知。因此，护士和其他医疗保健提供者了解移植候选者应对移植前等待期出现的压力源的经历非常重要，尤其是他们的宗教和文化信仰如何影响他们对压力源的适应。
本研究的目的是探讨什叶派穆斯林器官移植候选者的宗教和文化信仰如何影响他们对移植前等待期的适应的生活经历。
选取了11名在伊朗器官移植等待名单上的什叶派穆斯林器官移植候选者作为有目的的样本（肾脏，n = 4；心脏，n = 4；肝脏，n = 3）。
本研究采用诠释现象学方法的定性研究设计。由作者之一（ZS）在伊朗各地不同地点进行深入的非结构化访谈。
数据分析得出六个主题：“器官移植的迷雾之路”、“尽管存在宗教冲突仍接受器官移植”、“离死亡一步之遥”、“解放的万能钥匙”、“对未知的恐惧”和“依靠上帝”。
本研究结果将有助于护士理解什叶派穆斯林等待器官移植患者所经历的压力源相关的宗教和文化意义。这些信息可以帮助护士制定护理计划，包括考虑患者宗教和文化信仰的针对患者的干预措施。
等待器官移植的什叶派穆斯林患者所经历的感受往往与他们的宗教和文化信仰相冲突。然而，患者在移植前等待期对上帝的依靠促进了对移植更健康的态度。
