Brombini G C, Rahal S C, Schimming B C, Santos I F C, Tsunemi M H, Mamprim M J, Alves L S, Filadelpho A L, Teixeira C R
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil.
Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
Anat Histol Embryol. 2018 Jun;47(3):239-249. doi: 10.1111/ahe.12349. Epub 2018 Mar 1.
This study aimed to describe the radiographic anatomy and osteology and to evaluate angular radiographic measurements-Norberg angle, inclination angle and anteversion angle-of the pelvic limbs in free-ranging capybaras. Twenty cadavers of free-ranging capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), including five adults and 15 subadults, were studied. Ventrodorsal, craniocaudal, dorsoplantar and mediolateral radiographic views of the pelvic limbs were obtained. The radiographic features were described together with bone samples. The hip bone (os coxae), shaped like an isosceles trapezoid, was elongated and narrow with the presence of an oblong obturator foramen, sagittal ilial wing and rectilinear ilial body. The femoral shaft was relatively straight, while the greater trochanter was projected above the femoral head. No sesamoid bones of the gastrocnemius and popliteus muscles were observed radiographically or for those animals used in gross macroscopy. The fibula was located lateral and parallel to the tibia. Eight tarsal bones, four metatarsal bones and three digits were identified. The mean radiographic measurements included Norberg angle of 125.9°; respective angles of femoral inclination by the Hauptman B and Tomlinson methods of 139.9 and 141°; anteversion angle of the femoral head and neck of 29.80°. The bones of the pelvic limbs in capybaras have several anatomical characters and radiological features that are shared with members of the caviomorph superfamily Cavioidea. The radiographic angles measured in this study help characterize the functional morphology of this species.
本研究旨在描述自由放养水豚骨盆四肢的放射学解剖结构和骨学特征，并评估其放射学角度测量值——诺伯格角、倾斜角和前倾角。研究了20只自由放养水豚（Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris）的尸体，其中包括5只成年水豚和15只亚成年水豚。获取了骨盆四肢的腹背位、头尾位、背跖位和内外侧位放射影像。对放射学特征和骨样本进行了描述。髋骨（坐骨）形状像等腰梯形，细长且狭窄，有一个长方形闭孔、矢状髂骨翼和直线形髂骨体。股骨干相对笔直，而大转子突出于股骨头上方。在放射影像上未观察到腓肠肌和腘肌的籽骨，在大体解剖的动物中也未观察到。腓骨位于胫骨外侧且与之平行。识别出了8块跗骨、4块跖骨和3根趾骨。平均放射学测量值包括诺伯格角为125.9°；采用豪普特曼B法和汤姆林森法测量的股骨倾斜角分别为139.9°和141°；股骨头和颈的前倾角为29.80°。水豚骨盆四肢的骨骼具有一些与豚鼠超科成员共有的解剖学特征和放射学特征。本研究中测量的放射学角度有助于描述该物种的功能形态。
