Department of Pediatrics, Neonatal Division of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology - Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Respir Med. 2018 Mar;136:83-87. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2018.02.004. Epub 2018 Feb 8.
Pulmonary function in former preterm infants may be compromised during childhood.
To assess pulmonary function in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants at 6-12 months of corrected age and analyze the factors associated with abnormal pulmonary function.
Cross-sectional study with preterm infants at 6-12 months of corrected age with birth weight <1500 g. Children with malformations or affected by neuromuscular and respiratory diseases were excluded. Forced expiratory flows were assessed using the chest compression technique, and volumes were measured by total body plethysmography. Pulmonary function parameters in preterm infants were compared to a control group of same-aged children born at term.
We studied 51 preterm and 37 infants born at term. Preterm infants had: gestational age at birth (30.0 ± 2.5 weeks), birth weight (1179 ± 247 g), 27.5% had bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and 45% received mechanical ventilation. Preterm infants had lower median z-scores in comparison to term infants for the following parameters (p < 0.05): FVC (-0.3 vs. 0.7), FEV (-0.5 vs. 0.9), FEV/FVC (-0.6 vs. -0.5), FEF (-0.4 vs. 0.9), FEF (-0.3 vs. 0.8), FEF (-0.1 vs. 0.6) and FEF (-0.5 vs. 1.1). No term child had abnormal lung function, compared to 39.2% of preterm infants (p = 0.001). Factors associated with abnormal pulmonary function were lower gestational age at birth, small for gestational age, need for mechanical ventilation and presence of recurrent wheezing.
Preterms had a high prevalence of abnormal pulmonary function and lower pulmonary function in comparison to term infants. Prematurity, intrauterine growth restriction, respiratory support and recurrent wheezing were associated with abnormal pulmonary function.
在儿童时期，曾经是早产儿的肺部功能可能会受损。
评估校正年龄为 6-12 个月的极低出生体重早产儿的肺功能，并分析与异常肺功能相关的因素。
对校正年龄为 6-12 个月、出生体重<1500g 的早产儿进行了一项横断面研究。患有畸形或患有神经肌肉和呼吸系统疾病的儿童被排除在外。使用胸部压缩技术评估用力呼气流量，使用全身体积描记术测量容量。将早产儿的肺功能参数与同期足月出生的对照组儿童进行比较。
我们研究了 51 名早产儿和 37 名足月出生的婴儿。早产儿的胎龄为（30.0±2.5）周，出生体重为（1179±247）g，27.5%患有支气管肺发育不良，45%接受机械通气。与足月出生的婴儿相比，早产儿的以下参数中位数 z 评分较低（p<0.05）：FVC（-0.3 与 0.7）、FEV（-0.5 与 0.9）、FEV/FVC（-0.6 与-0.5）、FEF（-0.4 与 0.9）、FEF（-0.3 与 0.8）、FEF（-0.1 与 0.6）和 FEF（-0.5 与 1.1）。与早产儿相比，没有足月出生的儿童有异常的肺功能，比例为 39.2%（p=0.001）。与异常肺功能相关的因素是出生胎龄较小、小于胎龄、需要机械通气和反复喘息。
与足月出生的婴儿相比，早产儿的肺功能异常发生率较高，肺功能较低。早产、宫内生长受限、呼吸支持和反复喘息与异常肺功能有关。
