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论人工估计的响应函数及范围依赖性。

On the response function and range dependence of manual estimation.

作者信息

Kopiske Karl K, Domini Fulvio

机构信息

Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems@UniTn, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Corso Bettini, 31, 38068, Rovereto, TN, Italy.

Cognitive Systems Lab, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany.

出版信息

Exp Brain Res. 2018 May;236(5):1309-1320. doi: 10.1007/s00221-018-5223-5. Epub 2018 Mar 3.

Abstract

Manual estimates without vision of the hand are thought to constitute a form of cross-modal matching between stimulus size and finger opening. However, few investigations have systematically looked at how manual estimates relate a perceived size to the response across different ranges of stimuli. In two experiments (N = 18 and N = 14), we sought to map out the response properties for (1) manual estimates of visually presented stimuli as well as (2) visual estimates of proprioceptive stimuli, and to test whether these properties depend on the range of stimuli. We also looked at whether scalar variability is present in manual estimates, as predicted by Weber's Law for perceptual tasks. We found that manual estimates scale linearly and with a slope of close to 1 with object sizes up to 90 mm, before participants' hand size limited their responses. In contrast, we found a shallower response slope of about 0.7 when participants performed the inverse task, adjusting the size of a visual object to match a not actively chosen, induced finger opening. Our results were mixed with regards to scalar variability in large objects. We saw some indication of a plateau, but no evidence for an effect of mechanical constraints in the range studied (up to 90 mm). Participants also showed a clear tendency to overestimate small differences when a set of objects differed little in size, but not when stimulus differences were more pronounced.

摘要

在不看手的情况下进行手动估计被认为是刺激大小与手指张开之间的一种跨模态匹配形式。然而,很少有研究系统地探讨在不同刺激范围内,手动估计是如何将感知到的大小与反应联系起来的。在两个实验中(N = 18和N = 14),我们试图描绘出(1)对视觉呈现刺激的手动估计以及(2)对本体感觉刺激的视觉估计的反应特性,并测试这些特性是否取决于刺激范围。我们还研究了手动估计中是否存在标量变异性,这是由感知任务的韦伯定律所预测的。我们发现,在参与者的手大小限制其反应之前,对于大小达90毫米的物体,手动估计呈线性缩放,斜率接近1。相比之下,当参与者执行反向任务,即调整视觉物体的大小以匹配未主动选择的诱发手指张开时,我们发现反应斜率较浅,约为0.7。关于大物体的标量变异性,我们的结果喜忧参半。我们看到了一些平稳期的迹象,但在所研究的范围内(达90毫米)没有证据表明存在机械约束的影响。当一组物体大小差异很小时,参与者也明显倾向于高估小的差异,但当刺激差异更明显时则不然。

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