The influence of body orientation on length judgements.

Perceiving the size of a visual object requires the combination of various sources of visual information. A recent paper by Kim et al. (Body Orientation Affects the Perceived Size of Objects. Perception 2022, 51: 25-36) concluded that body orientation played a substantial role. The present paper aims to answer the question of whether the reported effect of body orientation on visuo-haptic size matching was due to effects on the visual or the haptic judgements of size. To do so, we used a within-participant design combining an experiment using visuo-haptic size matching with two experiments that assessed the visual and haptic size-percept using free magnitude estimation. Our experiments produced a systematic visuo-haptic mismatch, but the sign of the mismatch was opposite to that of the original study. Moreover, our study did not reveal a systematic effect of body orientation on this mismatch. Thirdly, we found that the mismatch we determined from participants matching a visual and haptic percept was considerably smaller than the mismatch we derived from their visual and haptic size estimates. In summary, our results emphasise that conclusions about the perceived size of objects are very sensitive to details of the experimental approach.