Qazi Faisal, Fette Don, Jafri Syed S, I Padela Aasim
a Department of Neurology, Western University of Health Science , Pomona , CA , USA.
b Barrett, The Honors College , Arizona State University , Tempe , AZ , USA.
New Bioeth. 2018 Jul;24(2):158-175. doi: 10.1080/20502877.2018.1438835. Epub 2018 Mar 5.
Famously posed by seventeenth-century French philosopher René Descartes, the mind-body problem remains unresolved in western philosophy and science, with both disciplines unable to move convincingly beyond the dualistic model. The persistence of dualism calls for a reframing of the problem through interdisciplinary modes of inquiry that include non-western points of view. One such perspective is Islamic theology of the soul, which, while approaching the problem from a distinct point of view, also adopts a position commensurate with (substance) dualism. Using this point of convergence as a conceptual starting point, we argue that bringing into dialogue contemporary neuroscientific, philosophy of mind, and Sunni Islamic theological discourses may provide a fruitful way of reframing the age-old mind-body problem. This paper provides an overview of how these three discourses have approached the issue of the mind-body (-soul) problem. Juxtaposing these three discourses, we hope, may ignite further scholarly dialogue and investigation.
身心问题由17世纪法国哲学家勒内·笛卡尔首次提出，在西方哲学和科学领域仍未得到解决，这两个学科都无法令人信服地超越二元论模式。二元论的持续存在要求通过包括非西方观点在内的跨学科探究模式对该问题进行重新构建。其中一个这样的观点是伊斯兰灵魂神学，它虽然从一个独特的角度来探讨这个问题，但也采取了与（实体）二元论相称的立场。以这一交汇点作为概念起点，我们认为，将当代神经科学、心灵哲学和逊尼派伊斯兰神学话语进行对话，可能为重新构建这个古老的身心问题提供一条富有成效的途径。本文概述了这三种话语是如何探讨身心（灵魂）问题的。我们希望，将这三种话语并置在一起，可能会引发进一步的学术对话和研究。
