Greenfield Patricia M
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2016 Apr;8:84-92. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.10.012. Epub 2015 Oct 22.
Social change has accelerated globally. Greenfield's interdisciplinary and multilevel theory of social change and human development provides a unified framework for exploring implications of these changes for cultural values, learning environments/socialization processes, and human development/behavior. Data from societies where social change has occurred in place (US, China, and Mexico) and a community where it has occurred through international migration (Mexican immigrants in the US) elucidate these implications. Globally dominant sociodemographic trends are: rural to urban, agriculture to commerce, isolation to interconnectedness, less to more education, less to more technology, lesser to greater wealth, and larger to smaller families/households. These trends lead to both cultural losses (e.g., interdependence/collectivism, respect, tradition, contextualized thinking) and cultural gains (e.g., independence/individualism, equality, innovation, abstraction).
全球范围内社会变革加速。格林菲尔德关于社会变革与人类发展的跨学科多层次理论，为探究这些变革对文化价值观、学习环境/社会化进程以及人类发展/行为的影响提供了一个统一框架。来自社会变革在当地发生的社会（美国、中国和墨西哥）以及通过国际移民发生社会变革的社区（美国的墨西哥移民）的数据阐明了这些影响。全球占主导地位的社会人口趋势包括：从农村到城市、从农业到商业、从孤立到相互联系、教育程度从低到高、技术从少到多、财富从少到多以及家庭/住户规模从大到小。这些趋势既导致了文化损失（例如，相互依存/集体主义、尊重、传统、情境化思维），也带来了文化收获（例如，独立/个人主义、平等、创新、抽象思维）。
