Arcega-Cabrera F, Fargher L, Quesadas-Rojas M, Moo-Puc R, Oceguera-Vargas I, Noreña-Barroso E, Yáñez-Estrada L, Alvarado J, González L, Pérez-Herrera N, Pérez-Medina S
Unidad de Química Sisal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Puerto de Abrigo Sisal, 97355, Yucatán, Mexico.
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN-Mérida, km 6 Antigua carretera a Progreso, Cordemex, 97310, Yucatán, Mexico.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2018 May;100(5):620-626. doi: 10.1007/s00128-018-2306-8. Epub 2018 Mar 5.
Merida is the largest urban center in the Mexican State of Yucatan. Here domestic sewage is deposited in poorly built septic tanks and is not adequately treated. Because of contamination from such waste, water from the top 20 m of the aquifer is unsuitable for human consumption. Given this situation and because children are highly vulnerable to environmental pollution, including exposure to toxic trace elements, this study focused on evaluating the exposure of children to arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), and mercury (Hg) in water. It also evaluated the relationship between the levels of these elements in water and their concentrations in urine and blood. Among the 33 children monitored in the study, arsenic surpassed WHO limits for blood in 37% of the cases, which could result from the ingestion of poultry contaminated with organoarsenic compounds. In the case of WHO limits for Mercury, 65% of the water samples analyzed, 28% of urine samples, and 12% of blood samples exceeded them. Mercury exposure was correlated with biological sex, some lifestyle factors, and the zone in Merida in which children live. These data suggest that the levels of some toxic metals in children may be affected by water source, socioeconomic factors, and individual behavior.
梅里达是墨西哥尤卡坦州最大的城市中心。这里的生活污水被排放到建造简陋的化粪池中，没有得到充分处理。由于此类废物的污染，含水层顶部20米的水不适合人类饮用。鉴于这种情况，并且由于儿童极易受到环境污染，包括接触有毒微量元素影响，本研究着重评估儿童对水中砷（As）、铬（Cr）和汞（Hg）的接触情况。研究还评估了水中这些元素的含量与它们在尿液和血液中的浓度之间的关系。在该研究监测的33名儿童中，37%的案例中砷超过了世界卫生组织的血液限量，这可能是由于摄入了受有机砷化合物污染的家禽所致。就世界卫生组织的汞限量而言，所分析的65%的水样、28%的尿液样本和12%的血液样本超过了限量。汞接触与生物性别、一些生活方式因素以及梅里达儿童居住的区域相关。这些数据表明儿童体内某些有毒金属的含量可能受到水源、社会经济因素和个人行为的影响。
