a Department of Physical Education and Sport , University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU , Vitoria-Gasteiz , Spain.
b Department of Physiology , University of Basque Country UPV/EHU , Leioa , Spain.
J Sports Sci. 2018 Oct;36(19):2235-2241. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2018.1449086. Epub 2018 Mar 6.
The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between biomechanical parameters of the gait cycle and race walking economy in world-class Olympic race walkers.
Twenty-One world-class race walkers possessing the Olympic qualifying standard participated in this study. Participants completed an incremental race walking test starting at 10 km·h, where race walking economy (ml·kg·km) and spatiotemporal gait variables were analysed at different speeds.
20-km race walking performance was related to race walking economy, being the fastest race walkers those displaying reduced oxygen cost at a given speed (R = 0.760, p < 0.001). Longer ground contact times, shorter flight times, longer midstance sub-phase and shorter propulsive sub-phase during stance were related to a better race walking economy (moderate effect, p < 0.05).
According to the results of this study, the fastest race walkers were more economi cal than the lesser performers. Similarly, shorter flight times are associated with a more efficient race walking economy. Coaches and race walkers should avoid modifying their race walking style by increasing flight times, as it may not only impair economy, but also lead to disqualification.
本研究旨在确定世界级奥运竞走运动员步态周期生物力学参数与竞走经济性之间的关系。
21 名具有奥运达标标准的世界级竞走运动员参与了这项研究。参与者从 10km·h 开始进行递增式竞走测试，在不同速度下分析竞走经济性（ml·kg·km）和时空步态变量。
20km 竞走成绩与竞走经济性相关，在给定速度下，速度最快的竞走运动员的氧气消耗最低（R=0.760，p<0.001）。更长的地面接触时间、更短的腾空时间、更长的支撑中期相和更短的推进中期相与更好的竞走经济性相关（中度效应，p<0.05）。
根据这项研究的结果，速度最快的竞走运动员比表现稍差的运动员更经济。同样，较短的腾空时间与更高效的竞走经济性相关。教练和竞走运动员不应通过增加腾空时间来改变他们的竞走风格，因为这不仅可能降低经济性，还可能导致取消比赛资格。
