尼日利亚东南部青少年烟草使用差异：基于全球青少年烟草调查（GYTS）方法。
Disparities in tobacco use by adolescents in southeast, Nigeria using Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) approach.
机构信息
Department of Community Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria.
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Ituku-Ozalla Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2018 Mar 6;18(1):317. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5231-1.
BACKGROUND
Tobacco use during adolescence is a substantial problem and adolescents are at higher risk of addiction and prolonged use. To reduce the burden of tobacco-related morbidity and mortality, monitoring of adolescent tobacco use is imperative. We aimed to determine the prevalence of tobacco use among adolescents in urban and rural secondary schools in Enugu State, southeast Nigeria.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study of 4332 adolescents in 8th to 10th grades in 25 urban and 24 rural secondary schools in Enugu, Nigeria was done using Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) methodology. Students were asked about previous and current tobacco use, smoking cessation, and susceptibility to smoking initiation among non-smokers. Geographical, age and sex prevalence differences were examined. Analyses were performed for all adolescents (10-19 years) and for a subset of students, 13-15 years of age for comparison with previous GYTS surveys. All analyses were weighted to account for the complex survey design and for differential non-response at school, class and student levels.
RESULTS
About 28.9% of students reported ever smoking cigarettes; 19.4% reported current tobacco use among all adolescents (13.3, 5.8 and 7.8% for cigarettes, other smoked tobacco, and smokeless tobacco, respectively) while 18.6% reported current tobacco use among 13-15 year olds (12.6, 5.2 and 7.5% for cigarettes, other smoked tobacco and smokeless tobacco respectively). Prevalence of all types of tobacco use was higher in rural schools (vs. urban schools), and among boys (vs. girls). Susceptibility to smoking initiation among non-smokers was 9.3% (95% CI: 8.1-10.7) among all adolescents, and 9% (95% CI: 7.6-10.7) among 13-15 year olds. About 88.1% of all adolescent smokers desired to quit and 57.9% of them had never received help to quit smoking.
CONCLUSIONS
Nearly one in every five school-going adolescents currently uses at least one type of tobacco in Enugu State, southeast Nigeria. Prevalence of tobacco use is higher in rural schools and among boys in this setting. Most adolescent current smokers desire to quit and need smoking cessation support.
背景
青少年时期吸烟是一个严重的问题，青少年更容易上瘾并长期吸烟。为了降低与烟草相关的发病率和死亡率，对青少年吸烟情况进行监测至关重要。我们旨在确定尼日利亚东南部埃努古州城市和农村中学青少年的吸烟流行率。
方法
采用全球青年烟草调查（GYTS）方法，对尼日利亚埃努古州 25 所城市和 24 所农村中学 8 至 10 年级的 4332 名青少年进行了横断面研究。学生被问及以前和现在的吸烟情况、戒烟情况以及非吸烟者吸烟的易感性。检查了地理、年龄和性别差异。对所有青少年（10-19 岁）和一组 13-15 岁的学生进行了分析，以便与以前的 GYTS 调查进行比较。所有分析均经过加权处理，以考虑到复杂的调查设计以及学校、班级和学生各级的差异反应。
结果
约 28.9%的学生报告曾经吸烟；所有青少年中，19.4%报告目前使用烟草（分别为香烟、其他吸烟制品和无烟烟草，占 13.3%、5.8%和 7.8%），而 13-15 岁青少年中，18.6%报告目前使用烟草（分别为香烟、其他吸烟制品和无烟烟草，占 12.6%、5.2%和 7.5%）。农村学校（与城市学校相比）和男生（与女生相比）的各种烟草使用比例较高。非吸烟者吸烟的易感性在所有青少年中为 9.3%（95%CI：8.1-10.7），在 13-15 岁青少年中为 9%（95%CI：7.6-10.7）。所有青少年吸烟者中，约有 88.1%希望戒烟，其中 57.9%从未接受过戒烟帮助。
结论
在尼日利亚东南部的埃努古州，近五分之一的在校青少年目前至少使用一种烟草。在这种情况下，农村学校和男生的烟草使用比例较高。大多数青少年目前的吸烟者都希望戒烟，并需要戒烟支持。
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