Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, Nigeria.
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ann Afr Med. 2023 Jul-Sep;22(3):333-339. doi: 10.4103/aam.aam_76_22.
The Nigerian government implemented the National Tobacco Control Act (NTCA) in 2015, which prohibits tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship (TAPS) exposure to children under 18 years of age. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of attitudes and exposure to TAPS among in-school adolescents in Lagos State, Nigeria, 5 years after the implementation of the Act and to identify the factors associated with TAPS exposure among the adolescents.
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 968 in-school adolescents selected through multistage random sampling. The data were collected using self-administered questionnaires adapted from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey.
Overall, 77% had been exposed to at least one form of TAPS in the past 30 days. The most frequently reported channel of exposure was through product placements, with 62% reporting exposure in films, TV, and videos. Up to 15.2% and 12.6% were exposed to TAPS through promotional activities and sponsorships, respectively. The majority (82.3%) had pro-tobacco attitudes, while about a third (33.1%) had pro-TAPS attitudes. Factors associated with TAPS exposure were having pro-TAPS attitudes (odds ratio [OR]: 3.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.3-5.3), being female (OR: 2, 95% CI: 1.4-2.7), and residing in a rural area (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.2-2.3).
Five years after implementing the NTCA, more than two-thirds of the adolescents reported exposure to TAPS, mainly through films, TV, and videos. This suggests that the NTCA is poorly enforced. Efforts to ensure the effective implementation of comprehensive TAPS bans are warranted. Gender-sensitive strategies that target adolescents' attitudes and school-level factors should be emphasized.
尼日利亚政府于 2015 年实施了《国家烟草控制法案》（NTCA），该法案禁止向 18 岁以下的儿童进行烟草广告、促销和赞助（TAPS）宣传。本研究旨在评估该法案实施 5 年后，拉各斯州在校青少年对 TAPS 的态度和接触情况，并确定与青少年接触 TAPS 相关的因素。
本横断面研究在通过多阶段随机抽样选择的 968 名在校青少年中进行。数据通过改编自全球青年烟草调查的自填式问卷收集。
总体而言，77%的青少年在过去 30 天内至少接触过一种形式的 TAPS。最常报告的接触渠道是通过产品植入，有 62%的人在电影、电视和视频中接触过。高达 15.2%和 12.6%的人分别通过促销活动和赞助接触 TAPS。大多数（82.3%）青少年持反烟草态度，约三分之一（33.1%）青少年持赞成 TAPS 的态度。与 TAPS 接触相关的因素包括持有赞成 TAPS 的态度（优势比[OR]：3.5，95%置信区间[CI]：2.3-5.3）、女性（OR：2，95%CI：1.4-2.7）和居住在农村地区（OR：1.6，95%CI：1.2-2.3）。
在实施 NTCA 五年后，超过三分之二的青少年报告接触了 TAPS，主要通过电影、电视和视频。这表明 NTCA 执行不力。有必要努力确保全面禁止 TAPS 的有效实施。应强调针对青少年态度和学校层面因素的性别敏感策略。
