Zarzeka Aleksander, Panczyk Mariusz, Zmuda-Trzebiatowska Halina, Belowska Jaroslawa, Samolinski Lukasz, Iwanow Lucyna, Gotlib Joanna
Acta Pol Pharm. 2017 May;74(3):1031-1038.
In Poland, since 1 January 2016 nurses who graduated from the master studies or hold a title of a specialist may ordain and prescribe specific medicines ("independent nurse prescribing" - INP). Nurses, who completed bachelor studies or hold a title of a specialist are allowed to prescribe drugs to continue the patient's treatment as ordered by a physician ("supplementary nurse prescribing" - SNP). The aim of this paper was to analyze the knowledge and attitudes of the Polish nurse specialists to their new professional rights in the independent ordaining of some drugs and drug prescribing. Participants were 902 women and 26 men. The age average was 42.4 (min. 26, max. 65, SD = 7.56, median: 43, mode: 40). 300 respondents - secondary medical education, 325 - the bachelor degree, 277 - the master degree. Own, validated questionnaire. Attitudes with answers based on the Likert scale (1-5) assessed by the nonparametric ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis test with the post-hoc analysis. The same statistical model was used in the evaluation of potential differences for the total scale of knowledge and attitudes.On average less than half of answers about the knowledge were correct (average of difficulty index was 39%). Nurses believe that the introduction of nurse prescribing will increase the nurse's control of the therapeutic process (mean: 3.22/5). No significant differences between the attitudes of respondents with different education level (p = 0.206; H = 3.160). 55% of nurses supports the introduction of INP. Respondents with the master education significantly more frequently support INP than those with secondary education (p = 0.001; z = 3.685). The knowledge of nurses on the extension of their professional rights is unsatisfactory and requires urgent complementation. The health policy makers should consider an extensive information campaign, especially in the group of nurses with advanced practice who will have prescribing competences. Nurses' attitudes to nurse prescribing are generally positive. Concerns expressed are the same as in the opinions of nurses from countries where the professional rights underwent extension earlier.
在波兰，自2016年1月1日起，从硕士课程毕业或拥有专科头衔的护士可以开出处方并配给特定药物（“独立护士处方权”——INP）。完成本科课程或拥有专科头衔的护士被允许按照医生的医嘱配药以延续患者的治疗（“补充护士处方权”——SNP）。本文的目的是分析波兰专科护士对其在独立开具某些药物处方方面新职业权利的知识和态度。参与者有902名女性和26名男性。平均年龄为42.4岁（最小26岁，最大65岁，标准差 = 7.56，中位数：43，众数：40）。300名受访者接受过中等医学教育，325名拥有本科学位，277名拥有硕士学位。采用自行编制并经验证的问卷。态度答案基于李克特量表（1 - 5），通过非参数方差分析的克鲁斯卡尔 - 沃利斯检验及事后分析进行评估。在评估知识和态度的总体量表的潜在差异时使用相同的统计模型。关于知识的答案平均不到一半是正确的（难度指数平均为39%）。护士们认为引入护士处方权将增强护士对治疗过程的掌控（均值：3.22/5）。不同教育水平的受访者态度之间无显著差异（p = 0.206；H = 3.160）。55%的护士支持引入独立护士处方权。拥有硕士学历的受访者比接受中等教育的受访者更频繁地支持独立护士处方权（p = 0.001；z = 3.685）。护士对其职业权利扩展的知识并不理想，需要紧急补充。卫生政策制定者应考虑开展广泛的宣传活动，尤其是针对将拥有处方权的高级执业护士群体。护士对护士处方权的态度总体上是积极的。所表达的担忧与职业权利较早扩展的国家的护士意见相同。
