Valente Riccardo, Valera Pertegas Sergi
University of Barcelona, Institute of Research in Education, Pg. de la Vall d'Hebrón 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
University of Barcelona, Department of Social Psychology, Pg. de la Vall d'Hebrón 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
Soc Sci Res. 2018 Mar;71:160-170. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2017.11.007. Epub 2017 Nov 27.
Perception of insecurity arises as a complex social phenomenon affected by factors that go beyond actual crime rates. Previous contributions to the field of fear of crime studies have shown, for instance, that the perception of social and physical disorder may generate insecurity among residents even in contexts where crime is comparatively low. Meanwhile, sociological approaches have led to a conceptualization of insecurity as an umbrella sentiment grounded in a wider feeling of unease. Building further on this assumption, data gathered in a large-scale survey in Italy (n = 15,428) were analysed by implementing exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis with the objective of assessing the validity of a model of "ontological insecurity". The results of our analysis support a conceptualization of insecurity where socially constructed anxieties (due to health and financial precariousness), as well as ethnic, sexual and religious-based stigmatization, play a prominent role in determining an individual's feeling of insecurity.
不安全感的产生是一种复杂的社会现象，受到超出实际犯罪率的多种因素影响。例如，先前对犯罪恐惧研究领域的贡献表明，即使在犯罪率相对较低的情况下，对社会和物质混乱的认知也可能在居民中引发不安全感。与此同时，社会学方法已将不安全感概念化为一种基于更广泛不安情绪的总体情绪。在此假设基础上进一步拓展，我们对在意大利进行的一项大规模调查（n = 15428）收集的数据进行了分析，通过实施探索性和验证性因素分析，目的是评估“本体性不安全感”模型的有效性。我们的分析结果支持了对不安全感的一种概念化理解，即社会建构的焦虑（由于健康和经济不稳定）以及基于种族、性取向和宗教的污名化在决定个人不安全感感受方面发挥着重要作用。
