National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, 1122 Volunteer Blvd., Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
Ecol Lett. 2018 May;21(5):646-654. doi: 10.1111/ele.12931. Epub 2018 Mar 8.
Plant-soil feedback (PSF) can structure plant communities, promoting coexistence (negative PSF) or monodominance (positive PSF). At higher trophic levels, predators can alter plant community structure by re-allocating resources within habitats. When predator and plant species are spatially associated, predators may alter the outcome of PSF. Here, I explore the influence of plant-associated predators on PSF using a generalised cellular automaton model that tracks nutrients, plants, herbivores and predators. I explore key contingencies in plant-predator associations such as whether predators associate with live vs. senesced vegetation. Results indicate that plant-associated predators shift PSF to favour the host plant when predators colonise live vegetation, but the outcome of PSF will depend upon plant dispersal distance when predators colonise dead vegetation. I apply the model to two spider-associated invasive plants, finding that spider predators should shift PSF dynamics in a way that inhibits invasion by one forest invader, but exacerbates invasion by another.
植物-土壤反馈（PSF）可以构建植物群落，促进共存（负 PSF）或单优（正 PSF）。在更高的营养层次上，捕食者可以通过在栖息地内重新分配资源来改变植物群落结构。当捕食者和植物物种在空间上相关联时，捕食者可能会改变 PSF 的结果。在这里，我使用一种跟踪养分、植物、草食动物和捕食者的通用细胞自动机模型来探索与植物相关的捕食者对 PSF 的影响。我探讨了植物-捕食者关联中的关键情况，例如捕食者是与活植被还是衰老植被相关联。结果表明，当捕食者在活植被上定殖时，与植物相关的捕食者会将 PSF 转移到有利于宿主植物，但当捕食者在死植被上定殖时，PSF 的结果将取决于植物的扩散距离。我将模型应用于两种与蜘蛛相关的入侵植物，发现蜘蛛捕食者应该以一种抑制一种森林入侵植物入侵的方式改变 PSF 动态，但会加剧另一种入侵植物的入侵。
