Metgud Rashmi, Neelesh Bhardwaj Tina
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
J Cancer Res Ther. 2018 Jan-Mar;14(2):372-376. doi: 10.4103/0973-1482.157351.
Tobacco consumption in smoke form causes severe health problems such as cancer. Micronuclei are structures that present after genomic damage in buccal mucosal cells which could be a good indicator of chromosomal alterations in cytological samples. The nuclear anomalies that are consequences of cell injury are also found in these cells.
The present study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-specific stain over DNA-nonspecific stain in exfoliated buccal mucosa cells in smokers and nonsmokers for assessment of micronuclei and nuclear anomalies.
Thirty subjects were divided into three groups; Group 1 (control) nonsmokers (n = 10), Group 2 individuals with history of smoking for less than 10 years (n = 10), and Group 3 individuals with history of smoking for more than 10 years (n = 10). The exfoliated buccal mucosal cells were scrapped using wooden spatula, smeared over the glass slide, and stained with DNA-nonspecific stain, Giemsa; and DNA-specific stains, Feulgen and acridine orange.
We found that the mean micronuclei score with DNA-nonspecific stain, Giemsa, was significantly higher in smokers group when compared to nonsmokers group. No such significant differences were observed with DNA-specific stains. Also, in the smokers groups, mean micronuclei were higher in Group 3 when compared to Group 2.
The score of MN assay and nuclear anomalies in exfoliated buccal mucosal cells of smokers and nonsmokers strongly depended on staining procedures and duration of smoking. Hence, these should be interpreted with caution to avoid false-positive results.
吸烟形式的烟草消费会导致严重的健康问题，如癌症。微核是在颊黏膜细胞基因组损伤后出现的结构，它可能是细胞学样本中染色体改变的一个良好指标。这些细胞中也存在作为细胞损伤后果的核异常。
本研究旨在评估脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）特异性染色与DNA非特异性染色在吸烟者和非吸烟者脱落颊黏膜细胞中评估微核和核异常的有效性。
30名受试者分为三组；第1组（对照组）为非吸烟者（n = 10），第2组为吸烟史少于10年的个体（n = 10），第3组为吸烟史超过10年的个体（n = 10）。用木制刮勺刮取脱落的颊黏膜细胞，涂抹在载玻片上，并用DNA非特异性染色剂吉姆萨染色；以及DNA特异性染色剂福尔根和吖啶橙染色。
我们发现，与非吸烟者组相比，吸烟者组使用DNA非特异性染色剂吉姆萨染色的微核平均得分显著更高。使用DNA特异性染色剂时未观察到此类显著差异。此外，在吸烟者组中，第3组的微核平均数高于第2组。
吸烟者和非吸烟者脱落颊黏膜细胞中微核试验得分和核异常情况在很大程度上取决于染色程序和吸烟持续时间。因此，应谨慎解读这些结果以避免假阳性结果。
