a Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences , University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal.
b Psychological Intervention Unit of the Maternity Daniel de Matos , Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, EPE , Coimbra , Portugal.
J Reprod Infant Psychol. 2017 Apr;35(2):119-136. doi: 10.1080/02646838.2016.1276281. Epub 2017 Jan 9.
To compare the depressive symptoms and quality of life (QoL) among adolescents (<20 years) and adult women who have had an abortion and to explore individual, social, relational and decision-making explanatory factors for (mal)adjustment in each group.
International findings are not consistent regarding the presence of negative psychosocial outcomes after abortion or about the explanatory factors for occurrence among adolescents and adult women.
In this cross-sectional study, 177 adolescents (65.1%) and 95 adult women (34.9%) who underwent abortion were recruited. Data on individual, social, relational and decision-making characteristics, depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) and QoL (EUROHIS-QOL-8) were collected through self-report questionnaires at 16 healthcare services that provide abortion.
Although adolescents are not at greater risk of maladjustment than adult women, abortion may be an emotionally significant event for both age groups. Regarding adolescents, feelings of being pressured into abortion and lower satisfaction with the abortion decision were significantly associated with depressive symptoms and lower QoL. Lower support from the mother was also associated with lower QoL. With regard to adult women, lower satisfaction with the abortion decision was significantly associated with depressive symptoms. None of variables was significantly associated with QoL.
Our results suggest that adolescents are not at greater risk of psychosocial maladjustment than are adult women. Factors from different ecological contexts and specific factors depending on age group should be considered in preventive interventions for (mal)adjustment after abortion.
比较有过堕胎经历的青少年（<20 岁）和成年女性的抑郁症状和生活质量（QoL），并探讨个体、社会、关系和决策因素对两组人群适应不良的解释。
国际研究结果在堕胎后是否存在负面心理社会后果以及青少年和成年女性发生这些后果的解释因素方面并不一致。
在这项横断面研究中，招募了 177 名青少年（65.1%）和 95 名成年女性（34.9%），这些女性都经历过堕胎。通过在提供堕胎服务的 16 家医疗保健服务机构中使用自我报告问卷收集了个人、社会、关系和决策特征、抑郁症状（爱丁堡产后抑郁量表）和生活质量（EUROHIS-QOL-8）的数据。
尽管青少年的适应不良风险并不高于成年女性，但堕胎对两个年龄组来说可能都是一个情感上重要的事件。对于青少年来说，感到被迫堕胎和对堕胎决定的满意度较低与抑郁症状和较低的生活质量显著相关。与母亲的支持较少也与较低的生活质量相关。对于成年女性来说，对堕胎决定的满意度较低与抑郁症状显著相关。没有任何变量与生活质量显著相关。
我们的研究结果表明，青少年在心理社会适应不良方面的风险并不高于成年女性。应考虑来自不同生态背景的因素以及针对年龄组的特定因素，以进行堕胎后（适应不良的）预防干预。
