Tyndall Ian, Ragless Liam, O'Hora Denis
Department of Psychology, University of Chichester, UK.
Department of Psychology, University of Chichester, UK.
Conscious Cogn. 2018 Apr;60:25-36. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2018.02.006. Epub 2018 Mar 6.
The present study examined whether increasing visual perceptual load differentially affected both Socially Meaningful and Non-socially Meaningful auditory stimulus awareness in neurotypical (NT, n = 59) adults and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD, n = 57) adults. On a target trial, an unexpected critical auditory stimulus (CAS), either a Non-socially Meaningful ('beep' sound) or Socially Meaningful ('hi') stimulus, was played concurrently with the presentation of the visual task. Under conditions of low visual perceptual load both NT and ASD samples reliably noticed the CAS at similar rates (77-81%), whether the CAS was Socially Meaningful or Non-socially Meaningful. However, during high visual perceptual load NT and ASD participants reliably noticed the meaningful CAS (NT = 71%, ASD = 67%), but NT participants were unlikely to notice the Non-meaningful CAS (20%), whereas ASD participants reliably noticed it (80%), suggesting an inability to engage selective attention to ignore non-salient irrelevant distractor stimuli in ASD.
本研究考察了增加视觉感知负荷是否会对神经典型（NT，n = 59）成年人和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD，n = 57）成年人的具有社会意义和不具有社会意义的听觉刺激意识产生不同影响。在目标试验中，一个意外的关键听觉刺激（CAS），即一个不具有社会意义的（“哔哔”声）或具有社会意义的（“嗨”）刺激，与视觉任务的呈现同时播放。在低视觉感知负荷条件下，无论CAS是具有社会意义还是不具有社会意义，NT和ASD样本都能以相似的比率（77 - 81%）可靠地注意到CAS。然而，在高视觉感知负荷期间，NT和ASD参与者能可靠地注意到有意义的CAS（NT = 71%，ASD = 67%），但NT参与者不太可能注意到无意义的CAS（20%），而ASD参与者能可靠地注意到它（80%），这表明ASD患者无法进行选择性注意以忽略不突出的无关干扰刺激。
