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英国公共卫生署移民健康指南:基层医疗从业者在线资源。

Public Health England's Migrant Health Guide: an online resource for primary care practitioners.

机构信息

Travel and Migrant Health Section, Public Health England, London, UK.

Travel and Migrant Health Section, Public Health England, London, UK.

出版信息

Public Health. 2018 May;158:198-202. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.01.018. Epub 2018 Mar 7.

Abstract

Approximately 13% of the UK population in 2015 was born overseas. Most migrants have come to the UK to work or study although there has been a small increase in the number of asylum applications in the UK in recent years, reflective of the ongoing humanitarian situation across Europe. Migrants in the UK tend to be young and healthy, but some may face unique health needs as a result of their experiences before, during and after migration. For these needs to be appropriately recognised and addressed, evidence-based advice is needed for UK professionals. The Migrant Health Guide is a free online tool for healthcare professionals. It was launched in 2011 and is widely used in the UK and internationally. It has four sections: 1) Migrants and the NHS-information on access and entitlements to the National Health Service (NHS); 2) Assessing patients-includes a checklist for initial healthcare assessments and advice for patients travelling abroad to visit friends and relatives; 3) Countries-country-specific advice on infectious diseases, women's health and nutritional and metabolic concerns; and 4) Health topics-information about communicable and non-communicable diseases and other health issues. The guide has undergone an extensive update in 2017. In particular, the pages on mental health and human trafficking have been expanded. A formal evaluation will obtain feedback on the guide and measure changes in awareness, knowledge, opinions, attitudes and behaviour of end users. Findings will inform future revisions and updates to the guide. Public Health England's Migrant Health Guide is a valuable resource for healthcare professionals. The relaunched guide builds on the previous version in raising awareness of key issues and providing evidence-based advice to improve the health of migrants and refugees internationally and in the UK.

摘要

2015 年,约有 13%的英国人口出生在海外。大多数移民来到英国是为了工作或学习,尽管近年来英国的庇护申请数量略有增加,反映了欧洲各地持续的人道主义局势。英国的移民往往年轻健康,但由于他们在移民前、期间和之后的经历,他们可能会面临一些独特的健康需求。为了适当识别和解决这些需求,英国专业人员需要基于证据的建议。《移民健康指南》是一款面向医疗保健专业人员的免费在线工具。它于 2011 年推出,在英国和国际上广泛使用。它有四个部分:1)移民与国民保健制度-关于获得国民保健制度(NHS)的信息和权利;2)评估患者-包括初始医疗评估检查表和有关出国旅行探望朋友和亲戚的患者的建议;3)国家-关于传染病、妇女健康以及营养和代谢问题的特定国家建议;4)健康主题-有关传染病和非传染病以及其他健康问题的信息。该指南在 2017 年进行了广泛的更新。特别是,心理健康和人口贩运的页面得到了扩展。一项正式评估将获取指南的反馈信息,并衡量最终用户的意识、知识、意见、态度和行为的变化。调查结果将为指南的未来修订和更新提供信息。英格兰公共卫生署的《移民健康指南》是医疗保健专业人员的宝贵资源。重新推出的指南在提高对关键问题的认识和提供基于证据的建议方面建立在之前的版本之上,以改善国际和英国移民和难民的健康。

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