水果和蔬菜摄入量与中国成年人体重和体重指数变化的关联：一项队列研究。

The association of fruit and vegetable consumption with changes in weight and body mass index in Chinese adults: a cohort study.

机构信息

School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, PR China.

Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.

出版信息

Public Health. 2018 Apr;157:121-126. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.01.027. Epub 2018 Mar 20.

DOI:10.1016/j.puhe.2018.01.027

PMID:29524810

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Findings regarding the benefits of fruit and vegetables (FV) on weight control are inconsistent and little is known among Chinese populations. Therefore, we examined the relationship between change in FV consumption, weight, and change in body mass index (BMI) among Chinese adults, participants of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS).

STUDY DESIGN

A prospective cohort study.

METHODS

Two waves of CHNS conducted in 2006 and 2011 were used. Continuous FV consumption increase was considered as the exposure and changes in weight and BMI as outcomes. Change in FV consumption was categorized into quintiles. Analysis of covariance and multiple linear regression models, after controlling for potential confounders such as energy intake, physical activity, and smoking, were used to describe the relationship between change in FV consumption and change in weight and BMI.

RESULTS

A total of 4357 participants aged 18-65 years were included in this study. The respective weight and BMI gains in male individuals were 1.81 kg and 0.73 kg/m in the fifth quintile of FV change relative to individuals in the first quintile (3.67 kg for weight gain and 1.48 kg/m for BMI gain). An increase in FV consumption by 100 g was associated with a 211 g weight loss (B = -2.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], -3.34, -0.89, P < 0.001) and a decrease in BMI by 0.94 kg/m (B = -0.94; 95% CI, -1.36, -0.46, P < 0.001) in men; and a 140 g weight loss (B = -0.14; 95% CI, -0.97, 0.69, P = 0.74) and a decrease in BMI by 0.29 kg/m BMI (B = -0.29; 95% CI, -0.63, 0.06, P = 0.11) in women.

CONCLUSIONS

Increase in FV consumption was associated with statistically significant weight loss and decrease in BMI among Chinese men, and, although suggested, weight loss among women was not significant. Considering the protective effect of FV on human health, increasing FV consumption in the Chinese population is recommended.

摘要

目的

关于水果和蔬菜（FV）对体重控制益处的研究结果并不一致，中国人群对此知之甚少。因此，我们研究了中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）中中国成年人的 FV 摄入量变化、体重和体重指数（BMI）变化之间的关系。

研究设计

前瞻性队列研究。

方法

使用 2006 年和 2011 年进行的两次 CHNS。将 FV 连续摄入增加视为暴露因素，体重和 BMI 的变化作为结果。FV 摄入量的变化分为五分位数。在控制潜在混杂因素（如能量摄入、体力活动和吸烟）后，采用协方差分析和多元线性回归模型描述 FV 摄入量变化与体重和 BMI 变化之间的关系。

结果

共有 4357 名年龄在 18-65 岁的参与者纳入本研究。与第一五分位组的个体相比，第五五分位组的男性个体的体重和 BMI 分别增加了 1.81 公斤和 0.73 公斤/立方米（体重增加 3.67 公斤，BMI 增加 1.48 公斤/立方米）。FV 摄入量增加 100 克与体重减轻 211 克相关（B = -2.11；95%置信区间 [CI]，-3.34，-0.89，P < 0.001）和 BMI 减少 0.94 公斤/立方米（B = -0.94；95% CI，-1.36，-0.46，P < 0.001）；体重减轻 140 克（B = -0.14；95% CI，-0.97，0.69，P = 0.74）和 BMI 减少 0.29 公斤/立方米（B = -0.29；95% CI，-0.63，0.06，P = 0.11）。