Departments of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2011 Apr;24(2):128-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2010.01142.x. Epub 2011 Feb 21.
The higher consumption of fruit and vegetables is considered to be an indicator of healthy eating and the protective effects of fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption for noncommunicable diseases have been investigated extensively. The present study aimed to investigate the association between fruit and vegetable intake (FVI), health behaviours and socio-demographic factors among adult Canadians.
This analysis was based on the information from the Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 3.1. Daily intake of fruit and vegetables from a total number of 15,512 apparently healthy individuals, aged 18-64 years, were assessed using a structured questionnaire, which included 20 questions on the frequency of consumption of different types of fruit and vegetables. Multiple logistic regression models were used to determine the association between FVI and some socio-economic factors and lifestyle behaviour among adult Canadians.
In total 77% of Canadian adults consumed fruit and vegetables less than five times per day. Females were more likely to consume more fruit [odds ratio (OR) 2.05; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.75-2.4], vegetables (OR 1.95; 95% CI 1.65-2.29) and FV (OR 2.52; 95% CI 2.20-2.90) than males. Single/never married individuals, individuals with higher levels of education, never smokers, former drinkers and older people reported more consumption of fruit and vegetables than others.
The results obtained in the present study indicate an association between FVI and some socio-economic and healthy lifestyle behaviours, and that a substantial gap exists between the recommended level and the actual intake of the FV among the Canadian population. Because a higher intake of FV improves public health, it is imperative to tailor nutrition education at the individual and community levels in Canadian populations.
较高的水果和蔬菜消费被认为是健康饮食的指标，并且水果和蔬菜（FV）消费对非传染性疾病的保护作用已经得到了广泛的研究。本研究旨在调查加拿大成年人中水果和蔬菜摄入（FVI）、健康行为和社会人口因素之间的关系。
本分析基于加拿大社区健康调查，第 3.1 周期的数据。通过结构化问卷评估了 15512 名年龄在 18-64 岁的看似健康个体的水果和蔬菜的每日摄入量，该问卷包括 20 个关于不同类型的水果和蔬菜消费频率的问题。多因素逻辑回归模型用于确定加拿大成年人的 FVI 与某些社会经济因素和生活方式行为之间的关联。
加拿大成年人中，有 77%的人每天摄入的水果和蔬菜不足五次。女性比男性更有可能食用更多的水果[比值比（OR）2.05；95%置信区间（CI）1.75-2.4]、蔬菜（OR 1.95；95% CI 1.65-2.29）和 FV（OR 2.52；95% CI 2.20-2.90）。单身/从未结婚的人、受教育程度较高的人、从不吸烟者、曾经饮酒者和老年人报告的水果和蔬菜摄入量高于其他人。
本研究的结果表明，FVI 与一些社会经济和健康生活方式行为之间存在关联，并且加拿大人口中建议的 FV 摄入量与实际摄入量之间存在相当大的差距。由于更高的 FV 摄入量可改善公众健康，因此必须在加拿大人群中针对个体和社区层面定制营养教育。
