Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center and School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida A&M University and Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA.
Adv Mater. 2018 Apr;30(17):e1705670. doi: 10.1002/adma.201705670. Epub 2018 Mar 12.
Among the various energy-storage systems, lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) are receiving intensive attention due to their high energy density, high power density, long lifetime, and good stability. As a hybrid of lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors, LICs are composed of a battery-type electrode and a capacitor-type electrode and can potentially combine the advantages of the high energy density of batteries and the large power density of capacitors. Here, the working principle of LICs is discussed, and the recent advances in LIC electrode materials, particularly activated carbon and lithium titanate, as well as in electrolyte development are reviewed. The charge-storage mechanisms for intercalative pseudocapacitive behavior, battery behavior, and conventional pseudocapacitive behavior are classified and compared. Finally, the prospects and challenges associated with LICs are discussed. The overall aim is to provide deep insights into the LIC field for continuing research and development of second-generation energy-storage technologies.
在各种储能系统中，由于具有高能量密度、高功率密度、长寿命和良好的稳定性，锂离子电容器（LIC）受到了广泛关注。作为锂离子电池和超级电容器的混合体，LIC 由电池型电极和电容型电极组成，有可能结合电池高能量密度和电容器高功率密度的优点。本文讨论了 LIC 的工作原理，并综述了 LIC 电极材料，特别是活性炭和钛酸锂，以及电解质开发的最新进展。对插层赝电容行为、电池行为和传统赝电容行为的储能机制进行了分类和比较。最后，讨论了与 LIC 相关的前景和挑战。总的来说，本文的目的是为 LIC 领域提供深入的见解，以继续研究和开发第二代储能技术。
