Liu Shu-Jun, Wang Ting-Ting, Cao Shi-Yu, Tan Ya-Qing, Chen Li-Zhang
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Xiangya Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2018 Mar;20(3):218-223. doi: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2018.03.011.
To investigate the main risk factors for asthma in Chinese children, and to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of asthma.
The databases including CNKI, Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine disc, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched for studies on risk factors for asthma in Chinese children published up to September 2017. Stata 12.0 was used for the Meta analysis.
A total of 24 case-control studies were included, with 5 309 cases in the case group and 6 404 cases in the control group. The Meta analysis showed that a family history of asthma (OR=5.246, 95%CI: 3.435-8.011), a family history of allergy (OR=4.627, 95%CI: 2.450-8.738), atopic constitution (OR=4.659, 95%CI: 2.511-8.644), allergic rhinitis (OR=11.510, 95%CI: 6.769-19.574), a history of eczema/dermatitis (OR=4.919, 95%CI: 3.514-6.886), a history of allergies (OR=4.732, 95%CI: 2.802-7.989), a history of food allergies (OR=5.890, 95%CI: 3.412-10.166), a history of drug allergies (OR=4.664, 95%CI: 2.637-8.252), mold contamination at home (OR=2.483, 95%CI: 1.671-3.690), flowers at home (OR=1.748, 95%CI: 1.383-2.209), a history of house decoration (OR=2.823, 95%CI: 2.206-3.935), and cesarean section (OR=1.894, 95%CI: 1.166-3.077) were risk factors for asthma in children, while breastfeeding was a protective factor against asthma (OR=0.508, 95%CI: 0.396-0.653).
The development of asthma in Chinese children is associated with a variety of factors, among which a family history of asthma, a family history of allergy, atopic constitution, a history of allergies, allergic comorbidities, cesarean section, and bad family environment can increase the risk of asthma in children, while breastfeeding can reduce the risk.
探讨中国儿童哮喘的主要危险因素，为哮喘的防治提供参考。
检索中国知网、万方数据、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库、Web of Science及PubMed等数据库中截至2017年9月发表的有关中国儿童哮喘危险因素的研究。采用Stata 12.0软件进行Meta分析。
共纳入24项病例对照研究，病例组5 309例，对照组6 404例。Meta分析结果显示，哮喘家族史（OR=5.246，95%CI：3.435 - 8.011）、过敏家族史（OR=4.627，95%CI：2.450 - 8.738）、特应性体质（OR=4.659，95%CI：2.511 - 8.644）、变应性鼻炎（OR=11.510，95%CI：6.769 - 19.574）、湿疹/皮炎病史（OR=4.919，95%CI：3.514 - 6.886）、过敏史（OR=4.732，95%CI：2.802 - 7.989）、食物过敏史（OR=5.890，95%CI：3.412 - 10.166）、药物过敏史（OR=4.664，95%CI：2.637 - 8.252）、家中霉菌污染（OR=2.483，95%CI：1.671 - 3.690）、家中养花（OR=1.748，95%CI：1.383 - 2.209）、房屋装修史（OR=2.823，95%CI：2.206 - 3.935）及剖宫产（OR=1.894，95%CI：1.166 - 3.077）是儿童哮喘的危险因素，而母乳喂养是哮喘的保护因素（OR=0.508，95%CI：0.396 - 0.653）。
中国儿童哮喘的发生与多种因素有关，其中哮喘家族史、过敏家族史、特应性体质、过敏史、过敏性合并症、剖宫产及不良家庭环境等可增加儿童哮喘发病风险，而母乳喂养可降低发病风险。
